The processing technology of vacuum freeze drying Western-style ham
Technical field
The invention belongs to food processing field, particularly relate to a kind of processing technology of vacuum freeze drying Western-style ham.
Background technology
Along with the continuous development of World Economics, the progressively quickening of rhythm of life, people are also increasing sharply to the demand of various fabricated foods, quick and convenient food, and are particularly also more and more high to the requirement of the quality of these food and designs and varieties.This deep processing for agricultural and animal products, fine finishining provide vast market.Vacuum Freezing ﹠ Drying Technology be high in technological content in the technical field of drying, relate to a kind of technology of having a wide range of knowlege, also be a kind of method that equipment is the most complicated in the drying means, energy consumption is maximum, drying cost is the highest simultaneously, but because the particularity of its dry products: frozen dried food has that the rehydration performance is good, color and luster keeps, the nutritional labeling loss less, light, the transportation that is easy to carry of product weight, be easy to long preservation, be much better than the remarkable advantage of other dehydrated food in quality, make it become the forward position of dry technology research and development.This project applies to advanced person's Vacuum Freezing ﹠ Drying Technology to lie fallow in the intensive processing of meat products, has improved the quality of product, and fragility is good, and the surface does not have burnt the paste, and the edge does not have crimping, has the texture of " potato chips "; Product color is fair and tender; When keeping former coloured fragrant breeze flavor, have the exclusive taste smell of dried product; The reconstitution rate of product reaches 84.47%, has filled up the market vacancy of vacuum freeze drying Western-style ham, for consumers in general have increased a kind of novel leisure meat products.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiency in the existing drying process, a kind of processing technology of vacuum freeze drying Western-style ham is provided, method is simple, the vacuum freeze drying Western-style ham of producing is fine quality, color and luster is fair and tender, local flavor is splendid, rehydration is good, shelf life is long, be convenient for carrying and eat, be easy to suitability for industrialized production.
In order to realize the purpose of foregoing invention, the processing technology step of vacuum freeze drying Western-style ham provided by the invention is as follows:
1) gets the Western-style ham of shortening, be cut into thickness and be the Western-style ham sheet about 2.0~3.0mm;
2) the Western-style ham sheet that segments is put under-40 ℃~-50 ℃ conditions freezed 24~48h;
3) under condenser temperature is-40 ℃~-50 ℃ condition, be that low pressure range is 15~25Pa in the high-low pressure circulation transformation process of 15~160Pa at pressure, high pressure range is 140~160Pa, high pressure after the first low pressure, lyophilization 4~6h; Per 1~2h the circulation primary of low pressure and high pressure, the last 1~2h of lyophilization, the per 10~20min circulation primary of low pressure and high pressure;
4) behind dry the end, be 7~20Pa at pressure, baffle temperature is parsing-desiccation 3~5h under 45~55 ℃ of conditions, finishes vacuum freeze drying, obtains dry Western-style ham sheet.
Advantage of the present invention is: method is simple, the vacuum freeze drying Western-style ham of producing is fine quality, color and luster is fair and tender, local flavor is splendid, reconstitution rate reaches 64.32%~84.47%, and in conjunction with airtight package, shelf life can reach 1 year, be convenient for carrying and eat, be easy to suitability for industrialized production.
Vacuum freeze drying Western-style ham with method of the present invention obtains can directly eat, the mouthfeel delicious and crisp, and local flavor is splendid; Also can soak 1~2min rehydration in 20 ℃~30 ℃ drinking water, the ham after the rehydration can be the same with common ham edible, because reconstitution rate is higher, mouthfeel and local flavor almost do not change.
Invention main points of the present invention are the thickness of Western-style ham sheet, the time of pre-freeze, the temperature of pre-freeze, the time of lyophilization and parsing-desiccation, temperature, pressure.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further specified:
Embodiment 1
Get manufactured Western-style ham, be cut into thickness and be the Western-style ham sheet about 2.0~3.0mm; The Western-style ham that segments put under-45 ℃ of conditions freeze 36h; Be under-50 ℃ the condition at condenser temperature, lyophilization 5h; Elder generation's low pressure, back high pressure, the lyophilization of circulation transformation, 0~2h system pressure is 15Pa(low pressure), 2~4h system pressure is 160 Pa(high pressure), the every 20min circulation primary of 4~5h high-low pressure; Be 10Pa at system pressure, baffle temperature is that parsing-desiccation 4h finishes vacuum freeze drying under 50 ℃ of conditions, obtains dry Western-style ham sheet.This is the cryodesiccated best approach of Western-style ham sheet, and the freeze drying Western-style ham sheet reconstitution rate of acquisition is 84.47%.Freeze drying Western-style ham sheet fragility is good, and the surface does not have burnt the paste, and the edge does not have crimping, and the texture of potato chips is arranged; Color and luster is fair and tender; Kept the former coloured fragrant breeze flavor of product.
Embodiment 2
Get manufactured Western-style ham, be cut into thickness and be the Western-style bowel lavage sheet about 2.0~3.0mm; The Western-style ham that segments put under-50 ℃ of conditions freeze 48h; Be under-50 ℃ the condition at condenser temperature, lyophilization 5h; Cycle of higher pressure transformation lyophilization after elder generation's low pressure, 0~2h system pressure is 20Pa(low pressure), 2~4h system pressure is 160 Pa(high pressure), the every 10min circulation primary of 4~5h high-low pressure; Be 20Pa at pressure, baffle temperature is that parsing-desiccation 4h finishes vacuum freeze drying under 55 ℃ of conditions, obtains dry Western-style ham sheet.The freeze drying Western-style ham sheet reconstitution rate that obtains is 75.18%.Freeze drying Western-style ham sheet fragility is bigger than normal, and there are a little burnt paste, a little crimping in edge in the surface; A little burnt look is arranged; Kept the original local flavor of product.
Embodiment 3
Get the good Western-style ham of having processed, be cut into thickness and be the Western-style ham sheet about 2.0~3.0mm; The Western-style ham that segments put under-40 ℃ of conditions freeze 24h; Be under-45 ℃ the condition at condenser temperature, lyophilization 4h; Cycle of higher pressure transformation lyophilization after elder generation's low pressure, 0~2h system pressure is 15Pa(low pressure), 2~3h system pressure is 160 Pa(high pressure), the every 10min circulation primary of 3~4h high-low pressure, be 15Pa at pressure, baffle temperature is parsing-desiccation 4h under 45 ℃ of conditions, finishes vacuum freeze drying, obtains dry Western-style ham sheet.The freeze drying Western-style ham sheet reconstitution rate that obtains is 74.32%.Freeze drying Western-style ham sheet fragility is less than normal, and the surface does not have burnt the paste, and the edge does not have crimping; A little burnt look is arranged; Fragrance a little less than.
Embodiment 4
Get manufactured Western-style ham, be cut into thickness and be the Western-style ham sheet about 2.0~3.0mm; The Western-style ham that segments put under-45 ℃ of conditions freeze 36h; Be under-40 ℃ the condition at condenser temperature, lyophilization 6h; Elder generation's low pressure, back high pressure, the lyophilization of circulation transformation, 0~2h system pressure are 20Pa(low pressure), 2~4h system pressure is 160 Pa(high pressure), the every 20min circulation primary of 4~6h high-low pressure, be 10Pa at pressure, baffle temperature is under 50 ℃ of conditions, parsing-desiccation 3h, finish vacuum freeze drying, obtain dry Western-style ham sheet.The freeze drying Western-style ham sheet reconstitution rate that obtains is 81.54%.Freeze drying Western-style ham sheet fragility is good, and the surface does not have burnt the paste, and the edge does not have crimping, and the texture of potato chips is arranged; Color and luster is fair and tender; Kept the original local flavor of product.
Embodiment 5
Get manufactured Western-style ham, be cut into thickness and be the Western-style ham sheet about 2.0~3.0mm; The Western-style ham that segments put under-50 ℃ of conditions freeze 24h; Be under-40 ℃ the condition at condenser temperature, lyophilization 5h; Cycle of higher pressure transformation lyophilization after elder generation's low pressure, 0~2h system pressure is 15Pa(low pressure), 2~4h system pressure is 150 Pa(high pressure), the every 20min circulation primary of 4~5h high-low pressure, be 20Pa at pressure, baffle temperature is under 50 ℃ of conditions, parsing-desiccation 4h, finish vacuum freeze drying, obtain dry Western-style ham sheet.The freeze drying Western-style ham sheet reconstitution rate that obtains is 77.24%.Freeze drying Western-style ham sheet fragility is low, and the surface does not have burnt the paste, and the edge does not have crimping; Color and luster is fair and tender; Kept the original local flavor of product.
Embodiment 6
Get manufactured Western-style ham, be cut into thickness and be the Western-style ham sheet about 2.0~3.0mm; The Western-style ham that segments put under-40 ℃ of conditions freeze 36h; Be under-45 ℃ the condition at condenser temperature, lyophilization 4h; Cycle of higher pressure transformation lyophilization after elder generation's low pressure, 0~2h system pressure is 20Pa(low pressure), 2~3h system pressure is 150 Pa(high pressure), the every 20min circulation primary of 3~4h high-low pressure, be 15Pa at pressure, baffle temperature is under 55 ℃ of conditions, parsing-desiccation 3h, finish vacuum freeze drying, obtain dry Western-style ham sheet.The freeze drying Western-style ham sheet reconstitution rate that obtains is 64.32%.Freeze drying Western-style ham sheet fragility is low, and there is a little burnt paste on the surface, and the edge does not have crimping; Color and luster is relatively poor; Fragrance a little less than.