CN102874820A - Method for preparing cellular silicon dioxide nanotubes - Google Patents
Method for preparing cellular silicon dioxide nanotubes Download PDFInfo
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- CN102874820A CN102874820A CN2012103605685A CN201210360568A CN102874820A CN 102874820 A CN102874820 A CN 102874820A CN 2012103605685 A CN2012103605685 A CN 2012103605685A CN 201210360568 A CN201210360568 A CN 201210360568A CN 102874820 A CN102874820 A CN 102874820A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing cellular silicon dioxide nanotubes, in particular to a method for preparing a series of cellular silicon dioxide nanotubes which have different lengths and thicknesses, and belongs to the technical field of nano materials. The cellular silicon dioxide nanotube is synthesized by taking a quaternary ammonium salt cation surfactant with different carbon chain lengths as a main template agent, and a triblock copolymer as a co-template agent under the alkaline condition in a sol-gel method. The cellular silicon dioxide nanotubes are characterized in that the appearance is regular, and the lengths are adjustable within the range of 0.5 and 5 micrometers and the thicknesses are adjustable in the range of 60 and 400 micrometers. By the method, the porous silicon dioxide nanotubes can be synthesized easily, conveniently and effectively, raw materials are readily available, and the method is suitable for enlargement production. The cellular silicon dioxide nanotubes have high potential application value in fields of catalysis, adsorption, separation, nano reactors, semiconductors, photoelectronic devices, sensors, medicine release and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the nano material preparing technical field.Be specifically related to the preparation of the cellular silica nanotube of a series of different lengthss and thickness.
Background technology
Silica Nanotube has the character of many uniquenesses, such as: Stability Analysis of Structures, specific surface area is large, the molecule fixed point that the size in hole, the surface properties that capacity can be controlled and it is unique are conducive to different sizes, shape and function transmits and absorption, improve the carrier band efficient of functional molecular, realize the multifunction of material.
Carbon nanotube is the nano material with hollow structure of synthesizing the earliest.Intensity, chemo-selective and the snappiness etc. of its unique high conductivity, excellence make it to become the important a member in the field of nanometer material technology.After carbon nanotube, people find many materials successively, such as boron nitride (BN), molybdenumdisulphide (MoS
2), tungsten disulfide (WS
2), zirconium white (Zr0
2), silicon oxide (Si0
2), titanium oxide (TiO
2) etc. also can form the tubular structure of nanometer grade diameter.According to their caliber and the difference of structure, nano-tube material can be isolator, semi-conductor or show metallicity.Unique electrochemical properties makes them can be used as the quantum pipeline.Distinctive high-specific surface area makes them in energy storage, battery, ultracapacitor and energy conversion very important application will be arranged.
SiO
2Nanotube has great potential using value in fields such as catalysis, absorption, separation, nano-reactor, semi-conductor and opto-electronic device, sensor and drug release.SiO
2The preparation of nanotube has been subject to paying close attention to widely.Wherein, Chem.Mater.18,996-1000 (2006) has reported take carbon nanofiber as template and has prepared SiO
2Nanotube, SiO
2The internal diameter of nanotube and pore wall thickness can realize by the diameter that changes TEOS hydrolysis time and carbon nanofiber template, and this Silica Nanotube can be used as the nano-reactor of methane decomposition after by loaded metal nickel.
Above report be all the one channel nanotube, and the cellular silica nanotube there is not yet report.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of preparation method of cellular silica nanotube.Opened up a new way of regulating and control cellular silica nanotube length and thickness.
Technical scheme of the present invention: take quaternary cationics as the master module agent, triblock copolymer is co-template, in basic solution, pass through sol-gel method, synthetic cellular silica nanotube, and by changing synthesis condition, length and the thickness of regulation and control cellular silica nanotube.
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of preparation method of cellular silica nanotube, and its concrete steps are:
The preparation method of cellular silica nanotube, its concrete steps are: major surfaces promoting agent quaternary ammonium salt cationic and cosurfactant triblock copolymer are joined in the basic solution, heat up and stirring, tensio-active agent is dissolved fully; Add the silicon source, generate white flocks, keep temperature and continue stirring; Then fill the still hydro-thermal, centrifugal, washing, drying removes tensio-active agent and obtains the cellular silica nanotube; Major surfaces promoting agent wherein: cosurfactant: H
2O:SiO
2: the mol ratio of alkali is 0.15 ~ 2.5:0.002 ~ 0.02:211 ~ 1199:1:0.5 ~ 334.
The structural formula of preferred described quaternary cationics is C
nH
2n+1N (CH
3)
3X, n=8 ~ 22 wherein, X=Cl or Br.
Preferred described triblock copolymer is polyoxyethylene-poly-oxypropylene polyoxyethylene, is called for short P123, (molecular formula is PEO20-PPO70-PEO20) or polyoxyethylene-poly-oxypropylene polyoxyethylene, being called for short the F127(molecular formula is PEO100-PPO65-PEO100).
Preferred described basic solution is sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, barium hydroxide solution or ammoniacal liquor.
Preferred described silicon source is methyl silicate, tetraethoxy (TEOS), positive silicic acid propyl ester, sodium metasilicate or silicon sol.
Be warmed up to 30 ~ 90 ° of C after preferably tensio-active agent being added basic solution.Mixing speed after preferably tensio-active agent being added basic solution and adding the silicon source is 50 ~ 800rpm.The time of continuing to stir behind the preferred adding silicon source is 2 ~ 48 hours.
Relevant mechanism of the present invention: quaternary ammonium salt cationic is the major surfaces promoting agent, and triblock copolymer is cosurfactant, and the formation in cellular silica nanotube duct mainly is by CTAB(cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, molecular formula C
16H
33N (CH
3)
3Br) participate in, and the P123 molecule is in CTA in reaction solution
+Outside the micella of (cetyltrimethyl ammonium ion), P123 also has neither part nor lot in the formation in its duct.Its Main Function is to be in the micella outside, the clustered pattern of change micella, the growth of control micella.At last, silicate is understood owing to strong electrostatic force and preferential and CTA
+Combine, form final cellular silica nanotube.
Beneficial effect:
The present invention has synthesized a series of cellular silica nanotubes, its length and thickness respectively between 0.5 ~ 5 μ m and 60 ~ 400nm scope in adjustable, the duct is regular, is uniformly dispersed between the particle.Resulting materials has great potential using value in fields such as catalysis, absorption, separation, nano-reactor, semi-conductor and opto-electronic device, sensor and drug release.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the Electronic Speculum figure of embodiment 1 obtained product; Wherein a is the field emission Electronic Speculum figure (FE-SEM) of embodiment 1 products obtained therefrom; B is the transmission electron microscope picture (TEM) (vertical channel direction) of embodiment 1 products obtained therefrom; C is the transmission electron microscope picture (TEM) (parallel duct direction) of embodiment 1 products obtained therefrom.
Fig. 2 is scanning electricity (SEM) mirror figure of embodiment 3 products obtained therefroms.
Fig. 3 is field emission Electronic Speculum figure (FE-SEM) figure of embodiment 6 products obtained therefroms.
Fig. 4 is transmission electron microscope (TEM) figure of embodiment 10 products obtained therefroms.
Embodiment
[example 1]
It is in 25% the strong aqua that CTAB and P123 are dissolved in the 100ml massfraction, be heated to 60 ° of C and constant temperature, under the 550rpm stirring velocity, stir to clarify, add 1.5mlTEOS, continue to stir 6 hours, reacted solidliquid mixture is transferred to hydro-thermal in the teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave.Products therefrom washs through centrifugal, drying, and then 550 ° of C roasting 6h remove tensio-active agent.CTAB:P123:H wherein
2O:SiO
2: NH
3Mol ratio be 0.4:0.005:566:1:200.Can find out that from Fig. 1-a products obtained therefrom smooth surface and regularity are fine, length is about 0.8 μ m, slightly is about 120nm.By Fig. 1-b and 1-c as can be known the Silica Nanotube duct regular present significantly cellular.
[example 2]
With embodiment 1 operation, different is the amount that changes CTAB and P123, obtains being about 1 μ m, slightly is about the cellular silica nanotube of 200nm.CTAB:P123:H wherein
2O:SiO
2: NH
3Mol ratio be 2.4:0.02:566:1:200.
[example 3]
With embodiment 1 operation, different is the amount that changes CTAB, P123 and TEOS, and the ammoniacal liquor massfraction is 1%, and rotating speed is 50rpml.Gained cellular silica nanotube surface is smooth and regularity is fine as shown in Figure 2, and length is about 5 μ m, slightly is about 60nm.CTAB:P123:H wherein
2O:SiO
2: NH
3Mol ratio be 0.15:0.01:560:1:6.
[example 4]
With embodiment 1 operation, co-template is changed into F127, change the amount of TEOS, obtain smooth surface, be about 3 μ m, the cellular silica nanotube of thick approximately 80nm.CTAB:F127:H wherein
2O:SiO
2: NH
3Mol ratio be 1.5:0.01:1190:1:, 334.
[example 5]
Reactant ratio and reaction conditions are changed into sodium metasilicate with embodiment 1 with the silicon source, obtain smooth surface, are about 1.5 μ m, the cellular silica nanotube of thick approximately 150nm.CTAB:P123:H wherein
2O:SiO
2: NH
3Mol ratio be 0.4:0.005:566:1:200.
[example 6]
With embodiment 1 operation, different is that CTAB is changed into INCROQUAT TMC-80 (C
22H
45N (CH
3)
3Cl), change the amount of P123, the silicon source becomes methyl silicate, and alkaline solution becomes the Ba (HO) of 1mol/L
2Solution, rotating speed are 750rpm.The cellular silica nanotube that obtains as shown in Figure 3, smooth surface is about 2 μ m, thick approximately 60nm.C
22H
45N (CH
3)
3Cl:P123:H
2O:SiO
2: Ba (HO)
2Mol ratio be 1.5:0.0075:800:1:1.
[example 7]
With embodiment 1 operation, different is that CTAB is changed into eight alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (C
8H
17N (CH
3)
3Cl), alkali source is changed into the NaOH solution of 1.0ml 1mol/L, obtained smooth surface, be about 1.5 μ m, the cellular silica nanotube of thick approximately 100nm.C wherein
8H
17N (CH
3)
3Cl:P123:H
2O:SiO
2: the mol ratio of NaOH is 2:0.002:220:1:0.6.
[example 8]
Reactant ratio and reaction conditions be with embodiment 3, will add that to continue to stir behind the silicon source time be 48 hours, obtains smooth surface, is about 0.5 μ m, the cellular silica nanotube of thick approximately 400nm.CTAB:P123:H wherein
2O:SiO
2: NH
3Mol ratio be 1.5:0.01:560:1:6.
[example 9]
Reactant ratio and reaction conditions become 80 ° of C with embodiment 1 with temperature of reaction, and rotating speed becomes 50rpm, continue to stir behind the adding silicon source time to be 2h, obtain smooth surface, are about 0.3 μ m, the cellular silica nanotube of thick approximately 100nm.CTAB:P123:H wherein
2O:SiO
2: NH
3Mol ratio be 0.4:0.005:566:1:200.
[example 10]
Reactant ratio and reaction conditions become 30 ° of C with embodiment 1 with temperature of reaction, and rotating speed becomes 800rpm, reaction times becomes 24h, obtains smooth surface, is about 1.2 μ m, the cellular silica nanotube of thick approximately 110nm, the transmission electron microscope of products obtained therefrom (TEM) is schemed as shown in Figure 4.CTAB:P123:H wherein
2O:SiO
2: NH
3Mol ratio be 0.4:0.005:566:1:200.
Claims (8)
1. the preparation method of cellular silica nanotube, its concrete steps are: major surfaces promoting agent quaternary ammonium salt cationic and cosurfactant triblock copolymer are joined in the basic solution, heat up and also stir, tensio-active agent is dissolved fully; Add the silicon source, generate white flocks, keep temperature and continue stirring; Then fill the still hydro-thermal, centrifugal, washing, drying removes tensio-active agent and obtains the cellular silica nanotube; Major surfaces promoting agent wherein: cosurfactant: H
2O:SiO
2: the mol ratio of alkali is 0.15 ~ 2.5:0.002 ~ 0.02:211 ~ 1199:1:0.5 ~ 334.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, the structural formula that it is characterized in that described quaternary cationics is C
nH
2n+1N (CH
3)
3X, n=8 ~ 22 wherein, X=Cl or Br.
3. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that used triblock copolymer P123 or F127.
4. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described basic solution is sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, barium hydroxide solution or ammoniacal liquor.
5. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described silicon source is methyl silicate, tetraethoxy, positive silicic acid propyl ester, sodium metasilicate or silicon sol.
6. preparation method according to claim 1 is warmed up to 30 ~ 90 ° of C after it is characterized in that tensio-active agent added basic solution.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, the mixing speed after it is characterized in that tensio-active agent added basic solution and add the silicon source is 50 ~ 800rpm.
8. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that adding the time of continuing to stir behind the silicon source is 2 ~ 48 hours.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103880020A (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-06-25 | 吉林大学 | Chiral mesoporous organic silicon dioxide nanotube or nucleus-shell type nanorod and preparation method thereof |
| CN108976991A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-12-11 | 丹阳市沃德立电工材料有限公司 | A kind of high resistant anticorona varnish and preparation method thereof applied to HV Electric Machine Coil |
| CN109135553A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2019-01-04 | 浙江三行电气科技有限公司 | A kind of high-speed rail polyimides coil enameled wire and preparation method thereof |
| CN109369070A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-22 | 黎剑华 | A kind of asphalt pavement material and preparation method thereof that acid rain resistant corrodes |
| CN109486224A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-03-19 | 申富林 | A kind of asphalt pavement material of resisting sea water erosion and preparation method thereof |
| CN109970070A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-05 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of Silica Nanotube and preparation method thereof |
| CN110065947A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-07-30 | 贵州大学 | A kind of wet chemical preparation method of Silica Nanotube |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103880020A (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-06-25 | 吉林大学 | Chiral mesoporous organic silicon dioxide nanotube or nucleus-shell type nanorod and preparation method thereof |
| CN103880020B (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2016-04-13 | 吉林大学 | Chirality mesoporous organic silica nanotube or core-shell type nanometer rod and preparation method thereof |
| CN109970070A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-05 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of Silica Nanotube and preparation method thereof |
| CN109970070B (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2022-09-06 | 中国科学技术大学 | Silicon dioxide nanotube and preparation method thereof |
| CN108976991A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-12-11 | 丹阳市沃德立电工材料有限公司 | A kind of high resistant anticorona varnish and preparation method thereof applied to HV Electric Machine Coil |
| CN109135553A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2019-01-04 | 浙江三行电气科技有限公司 | A kind of high-speed rail polyimides coil enameled wire and preparation method thereof |
| CN109369070A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-22 | 黎剑华 | A kind of asphalt pavement material and preparation method thereof that acid rain resistant corrodes |
| CN109486224A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-03-19 | 申富林 | A kind of asphalt pavement material of resisting sea water erosion and preparation method thereof |
| CN110065947A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-07-30 | 贵州大学 | A kind of wet chemical preparation method of Silica Nanotube |
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Application publication date: 20130116 |