CN102745769A - Microwave assisted integrated process for synthesizing and treating oily wastewater by using organic bentonite - Google Patents
Microwave assisted integrated process for synthesizing and treating oily wastewater by using organic bentonite Download PDFInfo
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- CN102745769A CN102745769A CN201210273314XA CN201210273314A CN102745769A CN 102745769 A CN102745769 A CN 102745769A CN 201210273314X A CN201210273314X A CN 201210273314XA CN 201210273314 A CN201210273314 A CN 201210273314A CN 102745769 A CN102745769 A CN 102745769A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a microwave assisted integrated process for synthesizing and treating oily wastewater by using organic bentonite. The process includes adding the untreated bentonite with particle sizes of 20-200 meshes and a cationic surface active agent into the oily wastewater, subjecting the oily wastewater to microwave radiation for 10 seconds to 1 minute in a microwave reactor with power of 100W-5000W, stirring the wastewater for 2-3 minutes, finally performing solid/liquid two-phase separation and discharging the purified wastewater, wherein the usage amount of the cationic surface active agent is 20%-100% of cation-exchange capacity (CEC), and the solid/liquid mass ratio of the bentonite to the oily wastewater is (1:1000)-(1:10000). According to the microwave assisted integrated process for synthesizing and treating the oily wastewater by using the organic bentonite, thermal effects and non-thermal effects of microwave effects are used, so that the oily wastewater is firstly heated, the liquidity of oil is improved, the vibration of molecules is enhanced under the non-thermal effects, and efficient adsorption and purification of the refractory oily wastewater are achieved in a short time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microwave cooperating organobentonite synthesizes-handle the oily(waste)water integral process, belong to technical field of sewage in the environment protection.
Background technology
Oily(waste)water is a kind of waste water that has a large capacity and a wide range, has hazardness.It is mainly derived from oil production processing, petrochemical complex, metallurgy, mechanical industry, weaving, food-processing industry and sea transport industry etc.Its staple comprises: hydrocarbon polymer, fuel oil, tar, lubricating oil, wax, cerolein, soap class etc.Oil in waste water mainly contains following several kinds:
(1) oil slick: the common major part of oil content that gets into water body exists with the oil slick form, and oil bead diameter is bigger, generally greater than 100 μ m, can comparatively fast float after leaving standstill, and keeps afloat with the oil film of external phase.Owing to have certain density difference between water and the oil, adopt gravitational separation process and transverse flow oil eliminator usually for oil slick.
(2) dispersed oil: particle diameter be the small oil droplet suspended dispersed of 10-100 μ m at aqueous phase, dispersed oil is unstable, leaves standstill if any time enough, can be gathered into bigger oil droplet and on float to the water surface.Such oil can adopt air supporting method and absorption method to remove.The most frequently used sorbing material is a gac, and it has good oil absorptiveness, the dispersed oil in the adsorbable waste water, oil in water emulsion and dissolving oil.But loading capacity limited (oil is generally 30-80mg/g), and the gac price is more expensive, and regeneration is also relatively more difficult, and is therefore general only as processing of lower concentration oily(waste)water or advanced treatment.
(3) oil in water emulsion: particle diameter is that the oil droplet of 0.1-10 μ m stably is scattered in the water, because oil droplet is atomic little, is between the 0.1-2 μ m mostly, therefore is difficult to make oily water separation with settled process merely.The particle diameter of oil in water emulsion is extremely small, in water, forms water-oil emulsion, and the surface forms one deck limitans and has electric charge, and the peripheral electrostatic double layer that forms of oil droplet makes the mutual repeller of oil droplet inaccessibility.Therefore, make oily water separation, at first will destroy the limitans of oil droplet, make oil droplet each other near and be gathered into big oil dripping pearl, thereby bubble through the water column, this process is breakdown of emulsion.Usually the sewage behind the breakdown of emulsion need utilize the method that oil slick is removed and dispersed oil is removed that it is carried out subsequent disposal again.
(4) dissolving oil: be scattered in the water body with molecularity, the elaioleucite diameter is also littler than emulsion, reaches several nanometers sometimes, and oil content and water form the homogeneous phase system, and is highly stable, is difficult to remove with general method.The membrane filter method oil removing is to utilize microporous membrane interception elaioleucite, and it is mainly used in removes oil in water emulsion and dissolving oil.The membrane filter method technical process is simple, and treatment effect is good, and water outlet does not generally have oil, but facility investment is huge, and treatment capacity is less, not too is suitable for extensive wastewater treatment, and the strainer easy blocking.
Wilkinite is to be the tonstein of essential mineral with smectite (Montmorillonite).Smectite is a kind of aqueous layer aluminosilicate mineral, forms by aluminium of two silicon-oxy tetrahedron therebetween (magnesium) oxygen (hydrogen-oxygen) are octahedra, belongs to the three-layer clay mineral of 2:1 type.Lattice spacing is from being 0.96 ~ 2.14nm, and these nanometer lamellas are reunited together, forms the clay particle that the hundreds of nanometer arrives several microns.Since the wetting ability that wilkinite surface silicon oxide structure is extremely strong and the hydrolysis of interlayer cation, the non-constant of performance of the wilkinite adsorption treatment organic pollutant of non-modified.But wilkinite has very strong CEC, under certain physical-electrochemical conditions, and Ca not only
2+, Mg
2+, Na
+, K
+Deng can exchanging each other, and can and organic cation (like cats product) exchange crystal layer between positively charged ion.Cationic exchange property is bentonitic important process characteristic, utilizes this characteristic, can carry out modification to wilkinite, like the preparation organobentonite.
Quaternary cationics is a preparation organobentonite organic cation commonly used, gets into bentonitic interlayer through ion exchange, makes the organobentonite that oily(waste)water is had better processing power, particularly to dissolving oil.(referring to metal mine, 2010 the 3rd phases, 154 pages; 228 pages of chemical industry journal 2008 the 1st phases).But this treatment agent is complex process, loaded down with trivial details in the process of preparation, comprises bentonite in powder is scattered in slurrying in the organically-modified agent solution, retrofits, and washs then, filters, dries, pulverizes, and obtains the organobentonite product.This method needs water bath with thermostatic control, stirs more than 2 hours when slurrying; Time consumption and energy consumption and consume water resources; And have to produce the waste water that contains the exhibiting high surface promoting agent, need further to handle, bentonite synthesis technique stability is bad in addition; Directly influenced bentonite modified quality, these have all limited the application of organobentonite in wastewater treatment and contaminate environment reparation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is: overcome complex process in the prior art; The big deficiency of power consumption during processing; Provide a kind of microwave cooperating organobentonite to synthesize-handle the oily(waste)water integral process; Utilize the heat effect and the non-thermal effect of microwave action, realize that the difficult degradation oily(waste)water obtains efficient adsorption cleaning at short notice.
For the technical scheme that solves the problems of the technologies described above the present invention's employing is: a kind of microwave cooperating organobentonite synthesizes-handles the oily(waste)water integral process; With particle diameter is undressed wilkinite of 20 ~ 200 orders and cats product; Join in the oily(waste)water; The cats product consumption is 20%～100%CEC, and the dosage of cats product calculates according to cation exchange capacity, and 20%CEC representes that the 20% positively charged ion capacity that exchanges needs the amount of cats product; Such as certain bentonitic cation exchange capacity is 80mmol/g, and the exchange capacity of 20%CEC is to need to add the 16mmol cats product in every gram wilkinite.Wilkinite and oily(waste)water solid-liquid mass ratio are 1:1000 ~ 1:10000; Then waste water being put into power is 100W ~ 5000W microwave reactor microwave radiation 10s ~ 1min; Restir 2 ~ 3min carries out solid-liquid two at last and is separated, and waste water is purified handles the back discharging.
The used wilkinite of the present invention is undressed wilkinite.Wilkinite after the processing and waste water mixture can be taked freely to precipitate or spinning.For example, the waste water little to treatment capacity, that oil concentration is lower, emission standard is strict can be with the rotating speed centrifugal 5 ~ 20min of the waste water after handling about with 4000r/min, and supernatant liquid can directly discharge.And the water yield is big, the organic contamination substrate concentration is high, need can after oscillation treatment, take through the waste water of second-stage treatment mode such as plate and frame press filtration to reach the solid-liquid separation purpose.
The contained oil pollutant of above-mentioned oily(waste)water comprises oil, crude oil or animal and plant grease.But the present invention is suitable for the oil pollutant of handling and is not limited to these kinds.
After the present invention mixes undressed wilkinite powder and used cats product and pending oily(waste)water; By microwave action, the heat effect of microwave is heated waste water at first, and the oily(waste)water temperature is risen; Oil is mobile the increasing in this process; Mix with particulate matter easily, the exchange interaction between positive ions accelerated tensio-active agent and the wilkinite particularly promotes to take place between The dissolved oil and the tensio-active agent " distribution " simultaneously; The non-thermal effect of microwave makes the tensio-active agent vibrations between bentonite bed and is arranged with preface, forms more regular organic absorption phase, helps absorption.Can obtain ideal organic pollutant removal rate through control bentonite consumption and microwave energy.
Consider the requirement of organic pollutant content and emission standard in the pending waste water, can reach different treatment effects through changing the bentonite consumption.Bentonitic consumption is measurement index with organobentonite with pending wastewater quality ratio.Generally, take all factors into consideration and handle effect and process economy, wilkinite and pending wastewater quality can be between 1:1000 ~ 1:10000 than scope, but the present invention is not limited to this level.
Used cats product is the long chain type cats product, and the alkyl carbon atoms number is more than 8.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) saving original organobentonite must be through a series of loaded down with trivial details synthesis step before using.
(2) the oily(waste)water purifying treatment time shortens, and efficient improves.Utilize the heat effect and the non-thermal effect of microwave action, oily(waste)water at first is heated, the flowability of oil strengthens, easy and tensio-active agent generation " distribution " effect in adsorption process, and get between bentonite bed; Under the non-thermal effect effect, strengthen molecular vibration simultaneously, the combination of accelerometer surface-active agent and oil molecule realizes that oily(waste)water obtains efficient adsorption cleaning at short notice, reaches emission standard.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
With particle diameter is that the cats product chloro-hexadecane yl pyridines of undressed wilkinite of 20 orders and 20%CEC joins and contains in the crude oil waste water; Wilkinite and oily(waste)water solid-liquid mass ratio are 1:1000; Then this waste water of 1L being put into power is 100W microwave reactor microwave radiation 10s, restir 2min, and adopting spinning again is to carry out solid-liquid two to be separated; Through measuring, the clearance of oil is greater than 95% in the waste water.
The organobentonite that the cats product modification of same amount and identical type obtains is not having under the microwave action, and the adsorption through the identical time only has 35% to the oils clearance in the identical waste water.
Embodiment 2
With particle diameter is that the cats product cetyl trimethylammonium bromide of undressed wilkinite of 200 orders and 100%CEC joins and contains in the edible oil waste water; Wilkinite and oily(waste)water solid-liquid mass ratio are 1:10000; Then this waste water of 1L being put into power is 5000W microwave reactor microwave radiation 1min, and restir 3min adopts free coprecipitation mode to carry out solid-liquid two again and is separated; Through measuring, the clearance of oil is greater than 99% in the waste water.
The organobentonite that the cats product modification of same amount and identical type obtains is not having under the microwave action, and the adsorption through the identical time only has 48% to the oils clearance in the identical waste water.
Embodiment 3
With particle diameter is that cats product chloro eight alkyl pyridines of undressed wilkinite of 100 orders and 80%CEC join and contain in the diesel oil waste water; Wilkinite and oily(waste)water solid-liquid mass ratio are 1:1000; Then this waste water of 1L being put into power is 100W microwave reactor microwave radiation 1min, and restir 3min adopts free coprecipitation mode to carry out solid-liquid two again and is separated; Through measuring, the clearance of oil is greater than 99% in the waste water.
The organobentonite that the cats product modification of same amount and identical type obtains is not having under the microwave action, and the adsorption through the identical time only has 39% to the oils clearance in the identical waste water.
With above-mentioned foundation desirable embodiment of the present invention is enlightenment, and through above-mentioned description, the related work personnel can carry out various change and modification fully in the scope that does not depart from this invention technological thought.The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content on the specification sheets, must confirm its technical scope according to the claim scope.
Claims (4)
1. a microwave cooperating organobentonite synthesizes-handles the oily(waste)water integral process; It is characterized in that: with particle diameter is that undressed wilkinite of 20 ~ 200 orders and cats product join in the oily(waste)water; The cats product consumption is 20% ~ 100%CEC; The solid-liquid mass ratio of wilkinite and oily(waste)water is 1:1000 ~ 1:10000, and then this waste water being put into power is 100W ~ 5000W microwave reactor microwave radiation 10s ~ 1min, restir 2 ~ 3min; Carry out solid-liquid two at last and be separated, waste water is purified handles the back discharging.
2. a kind of microwave cooperating organobentonite according to claim 1 synthesizes-processing oily(waste)water integral process, and it is characterized in that: described solid-liquid two is separated and takes free deposition, spinning or plate and frame press filtration mode.
3. a kind of microwave cooperating organobentonite according to claim 1 synthesizes-processing oily(waste)water integral process, and it is characterized in that: the contained oil pollutant of described oily(waste)water comprises oil, crude oil and animal and plant grease.
4. a kind of microwave cooperating organobentonite according to claim 1 synthesizes-processing oily(waste)water integral process, and it is characterized in that: described cats product is the long chain type cats product, and the alkyl carbon atoms number is more than 8.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106367102A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-02-01 | 北京中石大能源技术服务有限公司 | Polymer flooding crude oil rapid dehydration system and dehydration method thereof |
| CN110267722A (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2019-09-20 | 曼·胡默尔有限公司 | Fuel filter with organic clay, the cleaning cylinder with organic clay and application |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1446753A (en) * | 2003-04-07 | 2003-10-08 | 浙江大学 | Method for treating organic wastewater by using microwave cooperated with bentonite |
| CN1446749A (en) * | 2003-04-07 | 2003-10-08 | 浙江大学 | Method of microwave synthesizing organic bentonite |
-
2012
- 2012-08-02 CN CN201210273314XA patent/CN102745769A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1446753A (en) * | 2003-04-07 | 2003-10-08 | 浙江大学 | Method for treating organic wastewater by using microwave cooperated with bentonite |
| CN1446749A (en) * | 2003-04-07 | 2003-10-08 | 浙江大学 | Method of microwave synthesizing organic bentonite |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 李济吾等: "微波增强有机膨润土合成-废水处理一体化吸附染料的效率与机理", 《环境科学》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106367102A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-02-01 | 北京中石大能源技术服务有限公司 | Polymer flooding crude oil rapid dehydration system and dehydration method thereof |
| CN110267722A (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2019-09-20 | 曼·胡默尔有限公司 | Fuel filter with organic clay, the cleaning cylinder with organic clay and application |
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Application publication date: 20121024 |