CN102409128B - Device and process for making gas and reducing iron through coal derived fusion melting bed - Google Patents

Device and process for making gas and reducing iron through coal derived fusion melting bed Download PDF

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CN102409128B
CN102409128B CN2011104006234A CN201110400623A CN102409128B CN 102409128 B CN102409128 B CN 102409128B CN 2011104006234 A CN2011104006234 A CN 2011104006234A CN 201110400623 A CN201110400623 A CN 201110400623A CN 102409128 B CN102409128 B CN 102409128B
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furnace
reduction
coal
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reducing
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CN102409128A (en
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刘元生
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

The invention relates to a device for making gas and reducing iron through a derived fusion melting bed. The device is characterized by comprising a reduction furnace and a gasification furnace which are fixedly connected, wherein the reduction furnace is internally provided with a reduction chamber; the upper and lower parts of the reduction furnace are respectively provided with a feed inlet, a feed outlet and an air outlet; the gasification furnace is a fusion bed gasification furnace which is internally provided with a gasification chamber; the gasification furnace is provided with a coal nozzle, an air nozzle and a deslagging port; and the joint of the reduction furnace and the gasification furnace is provided with a grate plate which is provided with an air vent communicating the reduction chamber with the gasification chamber. The invention also relates to a process for making gas and reducing by using the device. The device is reasonable in design and high in coal gasification rate and can be used for saving energy sources effectively.

Description

A kind of technique of coal-base melting bed gas reduced iron processed
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of non-blast furnace ironmaking device, particularly a kind of device of coal-base melting bed gas reduced iron processed; The invention still further relates to the technique of the device that utilizes aforementioned coal-base melting bed gas reduced iron processed gas reduction processed.
Background technology
Metal oxide is reduced into metal and the method that is used is that technique obtains the most effective means of metal with reductive agent.Modern method with this acquisition iron is broadly divided into two large classes: a class is with the heating of putting together of solid reductant and ferriferous oxide, behind the solid reductant combustion gasification with the method for reduction of ferrous oxide; It the most successful story be blast furnace.Another kind ofly is with the gasification reductive agent or solid reductant is transformed into the gasification reductive agent, the method for the reducing iron oxides that goes to heat; Its successful story is the MIDREX shaft furnace.These two class methods are all because under hot environment, and reductive agent uses not fully (because Boudouard reaction), cause the reduction energy consumption higher, uneconomical.
China's publication 201110115332.0 " two step method is produced the technique of reduced iron powder " proposes to add gentle reduction operation separately carries out, and namely " the anti-burning technology of duplex skill container residue reductive agent " makes the energy expenditure that obtains metallic iron can be down to minimum.The problem that reduction exists in the operation has: 1, solid reductant and the oxide compound reduction technique of heating of putting together; Reductive agent not only can pollute the metal that obtains, and the transformation efficiency of carbon also is not easy to improve.2, gas reduction technique: owing to use natural gasification reductive agent generally not obtain, so the MIDREX shaft furnace can not generally be promoted.3, independently solid reductant is converted into the Coal Chemical Industry reduction technique of gasification reductive agent: because huge, the complex technical process of one-time investment also is difficult to obtain application in commercial run.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, provides that a kind of structure design is more reasonable, the coal gas rate is high, effectively the device of the gas reduced iron coal-base melting bed processed of save energy.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of technique of utilizing the device gas reduction processed of above coal-base melting bed gas reduced iron processed.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to realize by following technical scheme.The present invention is a kind of device of coal-base melting bed gas reduced iron processed, is characterized in: it comprises reduction furnace and the vapourizing furnace that is fixedly connected with, and is provided with the reduction chamber in the reduction furnace, and the reduction furnace upper and lower is respectively equipped with opening for feed, discharge port and air outlet; Described vapourizing furnace is the molten bath gasification stove, is provided with vaporizer in the vapourizing furnace, and vapourizing furnace is provided with coal spraying jet, air nozzle and slag-drip opening, and the junction of reduction furnace and vapourizing furnace is provided with grate plate, and grate plate is provided with the ventilating pit that is communicated with reduction chamber and vaporizer.
In the device of above-described coal-base melting bed gas reduced iron processed: described reduction furnace can be shaft furnace, open hearth or slope stove.When reduction furnace was shaft furnace, described vapourizing furnace preferably was fixed on the bottom of shaft furnace.When described reduction furnace was the slope stove, described vapourizing furnace preferably was fixed on the top of slope stove.
In the device of above-described coal-base melting bed gas reduced iron processed: described coal spraying jet is the following spray coal spraying jet, and described air nozzle is oblique following formula air nozzle.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention can also further realize by following technical scheme.The present invention is a kind of gas reducing process processed that utilizes above-described coal-base melting bed gas iron reducing device by utilizing processed to carry out also, is characterized in that its step is as follows:
(1) with leading portion furnace charge heating installation with behind charge preheating to 1200～1350 ℃, furnace charge is indoor to reducing from the opening for feed hot charging, and the charge-temperature after charging is finished is not less than 1000 ℃; Furnace charge is pelletizing, natural lump ore or sintering lump ore shape; When filling with substance pack on demand partial reduction agent, limestone powder or ground dolomite;
(2) grate plate is passed to heat in the vaporizer, and coal spraying jet tiltedly is sprayed onto fine coal on the grate plate, springs into the air mixed burning that vaporizer and air nozzle spray into, and generates reducing gas; The remaining slag of coal combustion falls under gravity into slag-drip opening, discharges out of the furnace; The reducing gas that generates enters the reduction chamber by grate plate and does in furnace charge, and furnace charge is heated to 1400-1500 ℃ and it is reduced into metal granulated iron;
(3) furnace charge discharges out of the furnace through discharge port and send cooling apparatus to be down to room temperature or remove electrosmelting in the reduction furnace; Reducing gas passes furnace charge outside the air outlet is discharged to stove, send leading portion furnace charge heating installation preheating furnace charge through supporting waste heat recovery apparatus, dust removing desulphurization plant, induced draft fan.
Coal-base melting bed gas iron reducing device by utilizing processed of the present invention is a kind of gas processed and the iron reducing device by utilizing that is reduced to one.Matching used waste heat recovery apparatus, dust removing desulphurization plant, induced draft fan, front end furnace charge heating installation and cooling apparatus are conventional equipment.
Reduction shaft furnace of the present invention can be by refractory material laying, and operating pressure generally is no more than 0.5MPa in the stove.Leading portion furnace charge heating installation can be shaft furnace, rotary kiln, belt type roasting machine or sinter machine, and the external feed pipe of reduction furnace feeding mouth can be provided with bell in the feed pipe, furnace charge add install rear bell can be with pipeline closed.
The charging part hard coal of can packing into simultaneously, the ratio of installing additional are the 1:0.3～0.6 of iron ore oxygen level, and its effect is to take out of the oxygen in the iron ore is easier.Simultaneously can also add limestone powder or ground dolomite, effect is to prevent furnace charge adhesion and absorption harmful element.
The length of reduction shaft furnace chamber is because output is different, and its design length can be 3～15m, and the length of vaporizer is about 2～4m; The vaporizer of shaft furnace generally is placed in the bottom of shaft furnace, and the air outlet is arranged on the top of shaft furnace; Reducing gas enters the reduction chamber from grate plate between two Room, bottom, passes whole furnace charge and discharges out of the furnace from the air outlet, top.
Shaft furnace bottom discharge mouth can arrange sluice gate, and is complete when furnace charge reduction, decontrols sluice gate the furnace charge cooling apparatus that discharges out of the furnace is cooled to normal temperature or send electrosmelting; Cooling apparatus can be cooling tank or coke-dry-quenching-type cooling system.
The following spray coal spraying jet of vaporizer is with grate plate top between pulverized coal injection to two chamber, and bounce-back returns just in time to burn with the air mixed of 2～3 obliquely air nozzle ejections.
Because furnace charge gravity is different in the stove of slope, vaporizer can be arranged on the front portion of reduction slope stove, and the air outlet is arranged on the bottom of reduction slope stove.
Compared with prior art, apparatus of the present invention and technique have the following advantages: apparatus of the present invention are fixed as one reduction furnace and vapourizing furnace, and adopt the molten bath gasification stove, it utilizes high-temperature material to carry out gas maked coal, it is rational in infrastructure, and efficiency of carbon conversion is relatively high, and the coal scope of application is wider.Apparatus of the present invention are to utilize the high-temp. furnace material of packing into that coal is converted into reducing gas, and it is more reasonable to design.Put together the reduction technique of heating of the present invention and solid reductant and oxide compound is compared, and the recrement of reductive agent can not pollute furnace charge.The present invention and independent coal are converted into the iron reduction technique of gasification reductive agent and compare, and the present invention do not need coal gas cooling, dedusting, remove the complicated technology such as reduced iron after reforming and heating again; In fact the coal reduced iron also is a producer gas process, will gas processed and reduction to be designed to its technique of one the most effective.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention of employing shaft furnace;
Fig. 2 is for adopting the apparatus structure synoptic diagram of the present invention of slope stove.
Embodiment
Referring to accompanying drawing, further describe concrete technical scheme of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art understands the present invention further, and do not consist of its Copyright law.
Embodiment 1, with reference to Fig. 1, and 2, a kind of device of coal-base melting bed gas reduced iron processed, it comprises reduction furnace 1 and the vapourizing furnace 4 that is fixedly connected with, and is provided with the reduction chamber in the reduction furnace 1, reduction furnace 1 upper and lower is respectively equipped with opening for feed 9, discharge port 7 and air outlet 8; Described vapourizing furnace 4 is the molten bath gasification stove, be provided with vaporizer in the vapourizing furnace 4, vapourizing furnace 4 is provided with coal spraying jet 3, air nozzle 6 and slag-drip opening 5, and the junction of reduction furnace 1 and vapourizing furnace 4 is provided with grate plate 2, and grate plate 2 is provided with the ventilating pit that is communicated with reduction chamber and vaporizer.
Embodiment 2, and in the device of embodiment 1 described coal-base melting bed gas reduced iron processed: described reduction furnace 1 is shaft furnace, open hearth or slope stove.
Embodiment 3, and in the device of embodiment 1 described coal-base melting bed gas reduced iron processed: described reduction furnace 1 is shaft furnace, and described vapourizing furnace 4 is fixed on the bottom of shaft furnace.
Embodiment 4, and in the device of embodiment 1 described coal-base melting bed gas reduced iron processed: described reduction furnace 1 is the slope stove, and described vapourizing furnace 4 is fixed on the top of slope stove.
Embodiment 5, and in the device of embodiment 1 described coal-base melting bed gas reduced iron processed: described coal spraying jet 3 is the following spray coal spraying jet, and described air nozzle 6 is oblique following formula air nozzle.
Embodiment 6, the gas reducing process processed that any one described coal-base melting bed gas iron reducing device by utilizing processed carries out among a kind of embodiment of utilization 1-5, and its step is as follows:
(1) with leading portion furnace charge heating installation with behind the charge preheating to 1200 ℃, furnace charge is indoor to reducing from opening for feed 9 hot chargings, and the charge-temperature after charging is finished is not less than 1000 ℃; Furnace charge is pelletizing, natural lump ore or sintering lump ore shape; When filling with substance pack on demand partial reduction agent, limestone powder or ground dolomite;
(2) grate plate 2 is passed to heat in the vaporizer, and coal spraying jet 3 tiltedly is sprayed onto fine coal on the grate plate 2, springs into the air mixed burning that vaporizer and air nozzle 6 spray into, and generates reducing gas; The remaining slag of coal combustion falls under gravity into slag-drip opening 5, discharges out of the furnace; The reducing gas that generates enters the reduction chamber by grate plate 2 and does in furnace charge, and furnace charge is heated to 1400 ℃ and it is reduced into metal granulated iron;
(3) reduction furnace 1 interior furnace charge discharges out of the furnace through discharge port 7 and send cooling apparatus to be down to room temperature or remove electrosmelting; Reducing gas passes furnace charge and 8 is discharged to outside the stove from the air outlet, send leading portion furnace charge heating installation preheating furnace charge through supporting waste heat recovery apparatus, dust removing desulphurization plant, induced draft fan.
Embodiment 7, the gas reducing process processed that any one described coal-base melting bed gas iron reducing device by utilizing processed carries out among a kind of embodiment of utilization 1-5, and its step is as follows:
(1) with leading portion furnace charge heating installation with behind the charge preheating to 1300 ℃, furnace charge is indoor to reducing from opening for feed 9 hot chargings, and the charge-temperature after charging is finished is not less than 1000 ℃; Furnace charge is pelletizing, natural lump ore or sintering lump ore shape; When filling with substance pack on demand partial reduction agent, limestone powder or ground dolomite;
(2) grate plate 2 is passed to heat in the vaporizer, and coal spraying jet 3 tiltedly is sprayed onto fine coal on the grate plate 2, springs into the air mixed burning that vaporizer and air nozzle 6 spray into, and generates reducing gas; The remaining slag of coal combustion falls under gravity into slag-drip opening 5, discharges out of the furnace; The reducing gas that generates enters the reduction chamber by grate plate 2 and does in furnace charge, and furnace charge is heated to 1500 ℃ and it is reduced into metal granulated iron;
(3) reduction furnace 1 interior furnace charge discharges out of the furnace through discharge port 7 and send cooling apparatus to be down to room temperature or remove electrosmelting; Reducing gas passes furnace charge and 8 is discharged to outside the stove from the air outlet, send leading portion furnace charge heating installation preheating furnace charge through supporting waste heat recovery apparatus, dust removing desulphurization plant, induced draft fan.

Claims (1)

1. gas reducing process processed that utilizes coal-base melting bed gas iron reducing device by utilizing processed to carry out is characterized in that its step is as follows:
(1) with leading portion furnace charge heating installation with behind charge preheating to 1200～1350 ℃, furnace charge is indoor to reducing from the opening for feed hot charging, and the charge-temperature after charging is finished is not less than 1000 ℃; Furnace charge is pelletizing, natural lump ore or sintering lump ore; When filling with substance pack on demand partial reduction agent, limestone powder or ground dolomite;
(2) grate plate is passed to heat in the vaporizer, and coal spraying jet tiltedly is sprayed onto fine coal on the grate plate, springs into the air mixed burning that vaporizer and air nozzle spray into, and generates reducing gas; The remaining slag of coal combustion falls under gravity into slag-drip opening, discharges out of the furnace; The reducing gas that generates enters the reduction chamber by grate plate and acts on furnace charge, and furnace charge is heated to 1400-1500 ℃ and it is reduced into metal granulated iron;
(3) furnace charge discharges out of the furnace through discharge port and send cooling apparatus to be down to room temperature or remove electrosmelting in the reduction furnace; Reducing gas passes furnace charge outside the air outlet is discharged to stove, send leading portion furnace charge heating installation preheating furnace charge through supporting waste heat recovery apparatus, dust removing desulphurization plant, induced draft fan;
The device of described coal-base melting bed gas reduced iron processed comprises reduction furnace and the vapourizing furnace that is fixedly connected with, and is provided with the reduction chamber in the reduction furnace, and the reduction furnace upper and lower is respectively equipped with opening for feed, discharge port and air outlet; Described vapourizing furnace is the molten bath gasification stove, is provided with vaporizer in the vapourizing furnace, and vapourizing furnace is provided with coal spraying jet, air nozzle and slag-drip opening, and the junction of reduction furnace and vapourizing furnace is provided with grate plate, and grate plate is provided with the ventilating pit that is communicated with reduction chamber and vaporizer.
CN2011104006234A 2011-12-06 2011-12-06 Device and process for making gas and reducing iron through coal derived fusion melting bed Expired - Fee Related CN102409128B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102618684B (en) * 2012-04-18 2013-05-15 石家庄新华能源环保科技股份有限公司 Continuous melting reduction iron-making device
CN103667564B (en) * 2013-05-20 2016-06-01 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 Prepare the method for metal simple-substance
CN106702157A (en) * 2015-08-01 2017-05-24 江学艺 Reduction treatment method and reduction treatment furnace for metal ore
CN112940786A (en) * 2021-02-07 2021-06-11 刘元生 Garbage and biomass gasification furnace and device

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN85104511A (en) * 1984-06-12 1987-07-08 科夫工程有限公司 Gasifier and direct assembly of reduction furnace
US4908059A (en) * 1988-01-29 1990-03-13 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Process for melting cold iron material
CN1118009A (en) * 1995-06-23 1996-03-06 宝山钢铁(集团)公司 Method for production of sponge iron by using gas-making shaft furnace method of coal-base melting bed
CN1275624A (en) * 2000-05-30 2000-12-06 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Apparatus and process for producing sponge iron by using coal gas-making shaft furnace to reduce iron ore
CN201104092Y (en) * 2007-08-28 2008-08-20 高家忠 Built-in coal based sponge iron shaft furnace
CN101724721A (en) * 2008-10-28 2010-06-09 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 Process for producing molten hot molten iron

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN85104511A (en) * 1984-06-12 1987-07-08 科夫工程有限公司 Gasifier and direct assembly of reduction furnace
US4908059A (en) * 1988-01-29 1990-03-13 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Process for melting cold iron material
CN1118009A (en) * 1995-06-23 1996-03-06 宝山钢铁(集团)公司 Method for production of sponge iron by using gas-making shaft furnace method of coal-base melting bed
CN1275624A (en) * 2000-05-30 2000-12-06 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Apparatus and process for producing sponge iron by using coal gas-making shaft furnace to reduce iron ore
CN201104092Y (en) * 2007-08-28 2008-08-20 高家忠 Built-in coal based sponge iron shaft furnace
CN101724721A (en) * 2008-10-28 2010-06-09 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 Process for producing molten hot molten iron

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Application publication date: 20120411

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Denomination of invention: Device and process for making gas and reducing iron through coal derived fusion melting bed

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