CN102010258B - Controlled release formula fertilizer for tobacco and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Controlled release formula fertilizer for tobacco and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102010258B CN102010258B CN2010102075131A CN201010207513A CN102010258B CN 102010258 B CN102010258 B CN 102010258B CN 2010102075131 A CN2010102075131 A CN 2010102075131A CN 201010207513 A CN201010207513 A CN 201010207513A CN 102010258 B CN102010258 B CN 102010258B
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 61
- 208000006558 Dental Calculus Diseases 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 abstract 1
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000015816 nutrient absorption Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003698 anagen phase Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000018199 S phase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036512 infertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000000509 infertility Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000535 infertility Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002015 leaf growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940074869 marquis Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021231 nutrient uptake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VBUNOIXRZNJNAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ponazuril Chemical compound CC1=CC(N2C(N(C)C(=O)NC2=O)=O)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F)C=C1 VBUNOIXRZNJNAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a controlled release formula fertilizer for tobacco and a preparation method and application thereof. The controlled release formula fertilizer for tobacco is prepared by compounding 4% of reaction filming type coated potassium sulfate, 6% of reaction filming type coated potassium nitrate, 3% of reaction filming type coated urea, 5% of reaction filming type coated urea, compound fertilizer, urea, and common calcium superphosphate, or prepared by compounding the components with diamine and/or 6% of reaction filming type coated ammonium nitrate. The percentage of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5) and potassium (K2O) in the controlled release formula fertilizer by weight is controlled as 1: 0.5-0.75: 1.5-2. The controlled release formula fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer and fertilized before the transplant of the tobacco plant, can synchronously supply nutrients according to the nutrient absorption rule of the tobacco after the fertilization, and has reasonable nutrient proportion, thereby satisfying the absorption requirement onthe two main elements: nitrogen and potassium, greatly improving the nutrient condition of the tobacco, increasing the quality of tobacco leaf, and obtaining high yield and high quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fertilizer special for tobacco production technical field, be specifically related to the controlled-release formula fertilizer and preparation method thereof that grows tobacco.
Background technology
Tobacco is a kind of important cash crop, and its cultivated area has the trend enlarged year by year, and according to relevant statistics, up to the present, whole world tobacco planting area has reached 4,200,000 hm
2, China is 95.9 ten thousand hm
2.The economic benefit of tobacco will lean on the quality of tobacco leaf to realize to a great extent simultaneously, and the quality of tobacco leaf needs to regulate by rational fertilising.The quality of tobacco depends on the potassium content of tobacco leaf to a great extent.Given this, the soil and fertilizer expert of China has developed multiple fertilizer special for tobacco, to the rational application of fertilizer that promotes China tobacco with improve Flue-cured tobacco Quality and played positive effect.
But current fertilizer special for tobacco mostly is common water-soluble chemical fertilizer and is mixed and forms, and the rear nutrient supply speed that is manured into soil is fast, easily with rainfall or irrigate and run off, not only the utilization ratio of fertilizer is low, also easily causes serious problem of environmental pollution.And this class special fertilizer need to repeatedly apply fertilizer and could meet the tobacco needs in the time of infertility.In addition, current fertilizer special for tobacco is all to equate according to fertilizer speed and the fertilizer quantity of the nutrient uptake feature design in tobacco all one's life, is the fixing water-soluble Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of nitrogen phosphorus potassium proportioning.Current fertilizer special for tobacco just do not improve tobacco utilization rate of fertilizer, reduce nutrient loss, environmental contamination reduction, according to the fertile characteristic fertilizer of need in tobacco fertility different bearing stage, provide solution.This is current fertilizer special for tobacco urgent problem.
The more important thing is, flue-cured tobacco is to take blade as gathering in the crops the crop of organ, the whole recovery process of tobacco leaf will continue the time of a wheat harvesting period, and the two weeks within this harvesting time or even from gathering starts, in order to be beneficial to the post-production of tobacco leaf, guarantee the quality of tobacco leaf, the general tree flue-cured tobacco is topdressed.But the harvesting approach (receiving from the bottom up) that tobacco leaf is special, while having determined bottom leaf (approximately 4～5) results, the blade of middle and upper part does not also come to the ripening period, also need the supply of the nutrients such as certain N, P, K, the conventional fertilizer of now using early stage can't meet this demand of tobacco leaf.
Because different grain variable speed release-controlling fertilizer has, nutrient release is synchronizeed with the crop demand, applied once can be supplied with crop suitable nutrient of each vegetative phase of whole breeding time, and someone has proposed to solve the existing problem of fertilizer special for tobacco with Controlled Release Fertilizer.But existing Controlled Release Fertilizer is expensive, separately it is used on tobacco and can reduces its economic benefit on the contrary, and domestic common release and release control fertilizer is the solvent type resin film-coated controlled release fertilizer at present, will inevitably bring the problems such as solvent contamination in production process.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of dedicated release-controlled formula fertilizer of membranous type tobacco that is reacted into is provided.The dedicated release-controlled formula fertilizer of tobacco of the present invention can coordinate the law of nutritive absorption of tobacco preferably, be a kind of Nutrient Release meet tobacco growing be reacted into the membranous type coating controlled-release fertilizer.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved by following technical proposals:
One controlled-release formula fertilizer that grows tobacco is provided, and is with whole or several composite the preparing in 4% coated with resin vitriolate of tartar, 6% coated with resin saltpetre, 3% resin coated urea, 6% coated with resin ammonium nitrate, 5% resin coated urea, composite fertilizer, urea, vitriolate of tartar, normal superphosphate and two ammoniums; The nutrient proportioning of described controlled-release formula fertilizer (is nitrogen in component (N), phosphorus (P
2O
5), potassium (K
2O) weight ratio) control is: 1: 0.6: 1.75.In described controlled-release formula fertilizer, the weight ratio of controlled release nutrients and available nutrient is controlled and is: water-soluble nitrogen: the nitrogen of fertilizer efficiency period 30 days (d): the nitrogen of fertilizer efficiency period 50 days (d)=1: 1～1.5: 0.5～1; Water-soluble potassium: the potassium of fertilizer efficiency period 50d: the potassium of fertilizer efficiency period 90d=1: 1.5～2.5: 1～1.5.
Preferably, described tobacco controlled-release formula fertilizer comprises following each component:
4% coated with resin vitriolate of tartar (0-0-49): 15～30 weight parts;
6% coated with resin saltpetre (12-0-45): 10～20 weight parts;
6% coated with resin ammonium nitrate (35-0-0): 0～10 weight part;
3% resin coated urea (45-0-0): 5～20 weight parts;
5% resin coated urea (44-0-0): 0～5 weight part;
Composite fertilizer (12-24-12): 10～30 weight parts;
Vitriolate of tartar (0-0-50): 0～10 weight part;
Urea (46-0-0): 0～10 weight part;
Normal superphosphate (0-18-0): 0～10 weight part;
Two ammoniums (16-48-0): 0～10 weight part.
Numerical value in above each component bracket indicates according to this area is conventional, is the mass percentage content (in nitrogen, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, potassium oxide) of N, P, K.
Resin in said components is and is reacted into the membranous type resin, and the fertilizer speed (fertilizer efficiency period) of described release and release control fertilizer or intensity are different, supply npk nutrient ratio does not wait.The nutrient supply speed of tobacco controlled-release formula fertilizer is the weight percentage by membrane wrapping thickness, and the coated with resin fertilizer as above-mentioned 3%, 4%, 5%, 6% just refers to nutrient supply phase or the fertilizer efficiency period release and release control fertilizer from 30d to 90d.4% coated with resin vitriolate of tartar refers to that the coating layer quality is 4% of fertilizer total mass, 6% coated with resin saltpetre refers to that the coating layer quality is 6% of fertilizer total mass, 6% coated with resin ammonium nitrate refers to that the coating layer quality is 6% of fertilizer total mass, 3% resin coated urea refers to that 3%, 5% resin coated urea that the coating layer quality is the fertilizer total mass refers to that the coating layer quality is 5% of fertilizer total mass.
The granulated fertilizer that the equal preferable particle size of above-mentioned all raw materials is 3～5 millimeters, common described granulated fertilizer is spherical or irregular granular.
The present invention provides the preparation method of described tobacco controlled-release formula fertilizer simultaneously, be the coated fertilizer that above-mentioned particle diameter is close, non-coated fertilizer proportionally, put into blender and stir 5～12 minutes, fully mix and get final product.
The present invention also provides the application of described tobacco controlled-release formula fertilizer, using it as base manure before the cigarette strain is transplanted applied once, can promote the tobacco leaf growth, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, increase potassium content of tobacco leaf, the saving labor force.
Tobacco controlled-release formula fertilizer of the present invention is transplanted and to be manured into soil with whole ground base manure in first 1～2 day in the cigarette strain as base manure, in the planting process of tobacco, no longer topdresses, and preferred every mu of the amount of applied once is used 40 kilograms.
Controlled-release formula fertilizer of the present invention can coordinate the law of nutritive absorption of tobacco preferably, be a kind of Nutrient Release meet tobacco growing be reacted into the membranous type coating controlled-release fertilizer.By field experiment, prove that the dedicated release-controlled formula fertilizer of tobacco provided by the invention can well meet the nutrient demand of flue-cured tobacco in the later stage, upper blade.Simultaneously, controlled-release formula fertilizer of the present invention agrees with on the basis of crop nutrition content demand combining release and release control fertilizer, greatly reduces the cost of release and release control fertilizer, has realized " popular " of release and release control fertilizer this " noble's fertilizer ".
Beneficial effect of the present invention is summarized as follows:
Summing up and analyzing on long-term, a large amount of data bases, determined that the best nutrient demand proportioning nutrient proportioning of tobacco (is nitrogen in component (N), phosphorus (P
2O
5), potassium (K
2O) be weight ratio): 1: 0.6: 1.75.On this basis, the proportioning of the nitrogen by regulating and controlling different fertilizer efficiency periods, potassium nutrition is (by adjusting water-soluble nitrogen: the nitrogen of fertilizer efficiency period 30 days (d): the nitrogen of fertilizer efficiency period 50 days (d); The ratio between the potassium of fertilizer efficiency period 90d) and each growth phase available nitrogen of conditioning tobacco water-soluble potassium: the potassium of fertilizer efficiency period 50d:: phosphorus: potassium ratio, and meet the demand of different times tobacco to nitrogen, two kinds of important nutrients of potassium, both having realized that nutrient discharges synchronizes with the crop demand, has reduced again fertilizer cost.Specifically, the present invention has obtained significant progress in the following aspects:
(1) nutrient reasonable ratio, improve quality of tobacco
According to the result of study of long-term a large amount of multiple spots, nitrogen (N), the phosphorus (P of fertilizer for tobacco
2O
5), potassium (K
2O) weight percent content should be controlled and be: 1: 0.6: 1.75.The tobacco controlled-release formula fertilizer according to this Proportionality design fertilizer formula, can better meet its nutrient demand, in the tobacco growing phase, adopt with in the past same moisture, the measure of diseases prevention worm and can obtain high yield and high quality.
(2) nutrient discharges and meets tobacco absorption requirement
Comprised Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer and controlled-release fertilizer in the present invention, and the proportioning by adjusting different fertilizer efficiency periods (controlled release and quick-acting) nitrogen, potassium nutrition is (by adjusting water-soluble nitrogen: the nitrogen of fertilizer efficiency period 30 days (d): the ratio of fertilizer efficiency period 50 days (d); Water-soluble potassium: the potassium of fertilizer efficiency period 50d: the ratio between the potassium of fertilizer efficiency period 90d) reach the basically identical purpose of nitrogen, potassium nutrition release and tobacco demand.Therefore, after this controlled-release formula fertilizer is manured into soil, can synchronously supply nutrient according to the law of nutritive absorption of tobacco, meet the demand of these two large nutritive elements of nitrogen and potassium, significantly improve the nutritional condition of tobacco.
(3) reduce fertilizer application frequency, greatly save artificial
Fertilizer of the present invention, as the base manure applied once, has reduced fertilizer application frequency, has saved fertilising manually and cost, has improved economic benefit, has broad application prospects.
(4) production process cleanliness without any pollution
Coated with resin fertilizer of the present invention is for being reacted into the membranous type film-coated controlled release fertilizer, its coating layer is formed at fertilizer surface direct reaction by isocyanic ester and two kinds of materials of polyvalent alcohol, without solvent, reduced production cost and avoided again the problem of environmental pollution brought because of solvent in production process.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific examples.In the invention process example, all raw materials are commercially available prod, and wherein: 4% coated with resin vitriolate of tartar refers to that the coating layer quality is 4% of total mass, and product type is SRF-vitriolate of tartar-2M (0-0-49); 6% coated with resin saltpetre refers to that the coating layer quality is 6% of total mass, and product type is SRF-saltpetre-3M (12-0-45); 6% coated with resin ammonium nitrate refers to that the coating layer quality is 6% of total mass, and product type is SRF-ammonium nitrate-2M (35-0-0); 3% resin coated urea refers to that the coating layer quality is 3% of total mass, and product type is SRF-PCU-1M (45-0-0); 5% resin coated urea refers to that the coating layer quality is 5% of total mass, and product type is SRF-PCU-2M (44-0-0).Above raw material is by Shikefeng Chemical Co Ltd, Shandong and the happy special Controlled Release Fertilizer of Shaanxi San Yuanpu company limited production and selling.Meet fill a prescription other products of above-mentioned requirements of the present invention and be equally applicable to the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Take each component by following weight content:
4% coated with resin vitriolate of tartar (0-0-49): 23 weight parts;
6% coated with resin saltpetre (12-0-45): 16 weight parts;
3% resin coated urea (45-0-0): 13 weight parts;
5% resin coated urea (44-0-0): 2.5 weight parts;
Composite fertilizer (12-24-12): 20 weight parts;
Vitriolate of tartar (0-0-50): 10 weight parts;
Urea (46-0-0): 4 weight parts;
Two ammoniums (16-48-0): 10 weight parts.
The nutrient proportioning of above-mentioned controlled-release formula fertilizer (is nitrogen in component (N), phosphorus (P
2O
5), potassium (K
2O) weight ratio) control is: 1: 0.6: 1.75.
The controlled release nutrients proportioning of above-mentioned controlled-release formula fertilizer is controlled: water-soluble nitrogen: the nitrogen of fertilizer efficiency period 30d: the nitrogen of fertilizer efficiency period 50d=1: 1: 0.5; Water-soluble potassium: the potassium of fertilizer efficiency period 50d: the potassium of fertilizer efficiency period 90d=1: 1.5: 1.
Each component materials after weighing measurement is added in mixer, and stir 5～12 minutes, it is fully mixed, then packing cost invention product.
The selected material of the present invention requires: 1. particulate state and good fluidity; 2. particle diameter is in 3～5 millimeters scopes, and even and various materials must be able to be complementary; 3. material moisture≤1.5%; 4. amount of nutrients above should be able to reaching, provided containing more than nutrition divides figureofmerit.
Embodiment 2
Take each component by following weight content:
4% coated with resin vitriolate of tartar (0-0-49): 28 weight parts;
6% coated with resin saltpetre (12-0-45): 10 weight parts;
3% resin coated urea (45-0-0): 15.5 weight parts;
5% resin coated urea (44-0-0): 2 weight parts;
Composite fertilizer (12-24-12): 20 weight parts;
Vitriolate of tartar (0-0-50): 6 weight parts;
Urea (46-0-0): 2 weight parts;
Two ammoniums (16-48-0): 8 weight parts.
The nutrient proportioning of above-mentioned controlled-release formula fertilizer (is nitrogen in component (N), phosphorus (P
2O
5), potassium (K
2O) weight ratio) control is: 1: 0.6: 1.75.
The controlled release nutrients proportioning of above-mentioned controlled-release formula fertilizer is controlled: water-soluble nitrogen: the nitrogen of fertilizer efficiency period 30d: the nitrogen of fertilizer efficiency period 50d=1: 1.5: 0.5; Water-soluble potassium: the potassium of fertilizer efficiency period 50d: the potassium of fertilizer efficiency period 90d=1: 2.5: 1.
Each component materials after weighing measurement is added in mixer, and stir 5～12 minutes, it is fully mixed, then packing cost invention product.
The selected material of the present invention requires: 1. particulate state and good fluidity; 2. particle diameter is in 3～5 millimeters scopes, and even and various materials must be able to be complementary; 3. material moisture≤1.5%; 4. amount of nutrients above should be able to reaching, provided containing more than nutrition divides figureofmerit.
Embodiment 3
Take each component by following weight content:
4% coated with resin vitriolate of tartar (0-0-49): 26 weight parts;
6% coated with resin saltpetre (12-0-45): 17 weight parts;
3% resin coated urea (45-0-0): 14 weight parts;
5% resin coated urea (44-0-0): 4.5 weight parts;
Composite fertilizer (12-24-12): 20 weight parts;
Vitriolate of tartar (0-0-50): 5.5 weight parts;
Urea (46-0-0): 1.5 weight parts;
Normal superphosphate (0-18-0): 4 weight parts;
Two ammoniums (16-48-0): 7 weight parts.
The nutrient proportioning of above-mentioned controlled-release formula fertilizer (is nitrogen in component (N), phosphorus (P
2O
5), potassium (K
2O) weight ratio) control is: 1: 0.6: 1.75.
The controlled release nutrients proportioning of above-mentioned controlled-release formula fertilizer is controlled: water-soluble nitrogen: the nitrogen of fertilizer efficiency period 30d: the nitrogen of fertilizer efficiency period 50d=1: 1.5: 1; Water-soluble potassium: the potassium of fertilizer efficiency period 50d: the potassium of fertilizer efficiency period 90d=1: 2.5: 1.5.
Each component materials after weighing measurement is added in mixer, and stir 5～12 minutes, it is fully mixed, then packing cost invention product.
The selected material of the present invention requires: 1. particulate state and good fluidity; 2. particle diameter is in 3～5 millimeters scopes, and even and various materials must be able to be complementary; 3. material moisture≤1.5%; 4. amount of nutrients above should be able to reaching, provided containing more than nutrition divides figureofmerit.
Embodiment 4
Take each component by following weight content:
4% coated with resin vitriolate of tartar (0-0-49): 18 weight parts;
6% coated with resin saltpetre (12-0-45): 20 weight parts;
3% resin coated urea (45-0-0): 10 weight parts;
5% resin coated urea (44-0-0): 5 weight parts;
Composite fertilizer (12-24-12): 20 weight parts;
Vitriolate of tartar (0-0-50): 7 weight parts;
Urea (46-0-0): 2 weight parts;
Two ammoniums (16-48-0): 7 weight parts.
The nutrient proportioning of above-mentioned controlled-release formula fertilizer (is nitrogen in component (N), phosphorus (P
2O
5), potassium (K
2O) weight ratio) control is: 1: 0.6: 1.75.
The controlled release nutrients proportioning of above-mentioned controlled-release formula fertilizer is controlled: water-soluble nitrogen: the nitrogen of fertilizer efficiency period 30d: the nitrogen of fertilizer efficiency period 50d=1: 1: 1; Water-soluble potassium: the potassium of fertilizer efficiency period 50d: the potassium of fertilizer efficiency period 90d=1: 1.5: 1.5.
Each component materials after weighing measurement is added in mixer, and stir 5～12 minutes, it is fully mixed, then packing cost invention product.
The selected material of the present invention requires: 1. particulate state and good fluidity; 2. particle diameter is in 3～5 millimeters scopes, and even and various materials must be able to be complementary; 3. material moisture≤1.5%; 4. amount of nutrients above should be able to reaching, provided containing more than nutrition divides figureofmerit.
Embodiment 5
Take each component by following weight content:
4% coated with resin vitriolate of tartar (0-0-49): 23.5 weight parts;
6% coated with resin saltpetre (12-0-45): 16 weight parts;
3% resin coated urea (45-0-0): 13 weight parts;
5% resin coated urea (44-0-0): 3.5 weight parts;
Composite fertilizer (12-24-12): 20 weight parts;
Vitriolate of tartar (0-0-50): 6.5 weight parts;
Urea (46-0-0): 2 weight parts;
Two ammoniums (16-48-0): 8 weight parts.
The nutrient proportioning of above-mentioned controlled-release formula fertilizer (is nitrogen in component (N), phosphorus (P
2O
5), potassium (K
2O) weight ratio) control is: 1: 0.6: 1.75.
The controlled release nutrients proportioning of above-mentioned controlled-release formula fertilizer is controlled: water-soluble nitrogen: the nitrogen of fertilizer efficiency period 30d: the nitrogen of fertilizer efficiency period 50d=1: 1.25: 0.75; Water-soluble potassium: the potassium of fertilizer efficiency period 50d: the potassium of fertilizer efficiency period 90d=1: 2: 1.25.
Each component materials after weighing measurement is added in mixer, and stir 5～12 minutes, it is fully mixed, then packing cost invention product.
The selected material of the present invention requires: 1. particulate state and good fluidity; 2. particle diameter is in 3～5 millimeters scopes, and even and various materials must be able to be complementary; 3. material moisture≤1.5%; 4. amount of nutrients above should be able to reaching, provided containing more than nutrition divides figureofmerit.
The application simultaneous test of the dedicated release-controlled formula fertilizer of embodiment 6 tobacco of the present invention
Test site: Nanxiong City, Guangdong Province
Test period: 2006～2008 years
Tobacco bred: K326
For trying soil: purple soil is grown and next rice soil
Testing program: embodiment 1～5 fertilizer sample (choosing at random) and two processing of Comparative Examples are chosen in this test.Comparative Examples is common fertilizer special for tobacco, and nutrients ratio is 1: 0.6: 1.75, every mu of 50 kilograms of fertilizer amounts; Embodiment 1～5 is according to the principle that waits fertilizer cost, and the Fertilizer application amount reduces 20% than Comparative Examples, every mu of 40 kilograms of fertilizer amounts.The dedicated release-controlled formula fertilizer of embodiment 1～5 tobacco is transplanted and is once applied as base manure in first 1～2 day in the cigarette strain; In Comparative Examples, 30% fertilizer is to be that base manure applies transplanting previous crops, and 40% and 30% is respectively in group's phase and prosperously imposes for a long time, and the mode of topdressing is that spread fertilizer over the fields on earth's surface.Test-results is shown in Table 1.
Table 1
| Process | Yield of flue-cured tobacco (kg/ mu) | Stimulation ratio (%) | Flue-cured tobacco potassium content (%) | Potassium content rate of increase (%) |
| Comparative Examples | 210 | 0 | 2.20 | |
| Embodiment 1 | 210.38 | 0.18 | 2.42 | 10.00 |
| Embodiment 2 | 235.65 | 12.21 | 2.62 | 19.09 |
| Embodiment 3 | 239.64 | 14.11 | 2.92 | 32.73 |
| Embodiment 4 | 219.01 | 4.29 | 2.47 | 12.27 |
| Embodiment 5 | 243.4 | 15.90 | 3.0 | 36.36 |
Result shows, with Comparative Examples, compares, and uses the present invention and is reacted into the coated release-controlled formula fertilizer of membranous type and has all increased to a certain extent the output of tobacco leaf.Wherein the effect of increasing production of embodiment 5, embodiment 3 and embodiment 2 is the most remarkable, and every mu increases respectively 33.40 kilograms of flue-cured tobaccos, 29.64 kilograms and 25.65 kilograms, and stimulation ratio is up to 15.90%, 14.11% and 12.21%.Simultaneously, use the dedicated release-controlled formula fertilizer of tobacco and also significantly improved the potassium content in the flue-cured tobacco, the potassium content of embodiment 1,2,3,4,5 is respectively 2.42%, 2.62%, 2.92%, 2.47% and 3.00%, the potassium content rate of increase is up to 10%, 19.09%, 32.73%, 12.27% and 36.36%.
As everyone knows: flue-cured tobacco is to take blade as gathering in the crops the crop of organ, the whole recovery process of tobacco leaf almost will continue the time of a wheat harvesting period, for the post-production that is beneficial to tobacco leaf and the quality that guarantees flue-cured tobacco, even from the first half of the month of gathering, just stopping imposing water soluble fertilizer.The special harvesting approach that tobacco leaf is gathered in the crops from the bottom up, determined that the blade of middle and upper part does not also come to the ripening period the time marquis of bottom leaf (approximately 4～5) results.The middle and upper part leaf still needs the nutrients such as certain N, P, K, now only depends on water-soluble (routine) potash fertilizer that use early stage can't meet the demand of tobacco leaf to N, P, K.Simultaneously, it is too much that now applications of water soluble fertilizers will cause again nutrient, causes the inclined to one side nitrogen of blade and reduce the flue-cured tobacco potassium content.The field experiment result of above-described embodiment proves, after tobacco is used controlled-release formula fertilizer, even in harvesting time, tobacco leaf also can obtain appropriate npk nutrient, meets the demand of middle and upper part tobacco leaf to nitrogen phosphorus potassium, and don't can cause nutrition excess.
Therefore the dedicated release-controlled formula fertilizer of tobacco of the present invention has promoted the absorption of cigarette strain to potassium, has obviously improved the quality of flue-cured tobacco.Use controlled-release formula fertilizer to realize single-dose application simultaneously in producing and applying, greatly simplified fertilising, reduced the input of labor cost.In addition, use and be reacted into the input that the coated release-controlled formula fertilizer of membranous type has reduced total fertilizer nutrient, saved from another point of view again national resources, reduced the risk that causes environmental pollution because excessively using chemical fertilizer.
Claims (6)
1. the controlled-release formula fertilizer that grows tobacco, it is characterized in that with whole or several composite the preparing in 4% coated with resin vitriolate of tartar, 6% coated with resin saltpetre, 3% resin coated urea, 6% coated with resin ammonium nitrate, 5% resin coated urea, composite fertilizer, urea, vitriolate of tartar, normal superphosphate and two ammoniums; N, P in described controlled-release formula fertilizer component
2O
5, K
2The O weight percent content is controlled: 1:0.6:1.75;
In the tobacco controlled-release formula fertilizer, the weight ratio of available nutrient and controlled release nutrients is controlled and is: water-soluble nitrogen: the fertilizer efficiency period nitrogen of 30 days: the fertilizer efficiency period nitrogen=1:1 of 50 days～1.5:0.5～1; Water-soluble potassium: the fertilizer efficiency period potassium of 50 days: the fertilizer efficiency period potassium=1:1.5 of 90 days～2.5:1～1.5.
2. tobacco controlled-release formula fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that comprising following each component:
4% coated with resin vitriolate of tartar 0-0-49:15～30 weight parts;
6% coated with resin saltpetre 12-0-45:10～20 weight parts;
6% coated with resin ammonium nitrate 35-0-0:0～10 weight parts;
3% resin coated urea 45-0-0:5～20 weight parts;
5% resin coated urea 44-0-0:0～5 weight parts;
Composite fertilizer 12-24-12:10～30 weight parts;
Vitriolate of tartar 0-0-50:0～10 weight parts;
Urea 46-0-0:0～10 weight parts;
Normal superphosphate 0-18-0:0～10 weight parts;
Two ammonium 16-48-0:0～10 weight parts.
3. tobacco controlled-release formula fertilizer according to claim 2 is characterized in that comprising following each component:
4% coated with resin vitriolate of tartar 0-0-49:23.5 weight part;
6% coated with resin saltpetre 12-0-45:16 weight part;
3% resin coated urea 45-0-0:13 weight part;
5% resin coated urea 44-0-0:3.5 weight part;
Composite fertilizer 12-24-12:20 weight part;
Vitriolate of tartar 0-0-50:6.5 weight part;
Urea 46-0-0:2 weight part;
Two ammonium 16-48-0:8 weight parts.
4. tobacco controlled-release formula fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that resin in each component is for being reacted into the membranous type resin.
5. the preparation method of the described tobacco controlled-release formula fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that by each component proportionally, puts into blender and stir 5～12 minutes, fully mixes and get final product.
6. the application of the described tobacco controlled-release formula fertilizer of claim 1, is characterized in that being applied to the tobacco leaf planting aspect as base manure; Transplant and be manured into soil with whole ground base manure in first 1～2 day in the cigarette strain, the amount of using is every mu and uses 40 kilograms.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102217480B (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2012-05-23 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Nanometer synergistic method for improving potassium content of tobacco leaf |
| CN102351602B (en) * | 2011-07-18 | 2014-07-09 | 华南农业大学 | Synchronous nutrition fertilizers, preparation methods thereof and applications thereof |
| CN102557817B (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2015-04-22 | 三河市香***业有限公司 | Controlled-release formula fertilizer, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN102531806B (en) * | 2012-02-25 | 2014-04-16 | 海洋石油富岛有限公司 | Controlled release fertilizer special for seedling stage of bananas |
| CN102863288A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-01-09 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所青岛科技开发中心 | Organic-inorganic compound formula for tobacco |
| CN103708872A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-04-09 | 广西科技大学 | Tobacco crop composite fertilizer |
| CN104045478B (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2016-04-27 | 山东临沂烟草有限公司 | A kind of tobacco seedling-culturing dish nursery special-purpose control-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN105036878B (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2021-08-17 | 北京市农林科学院 | Potted anthurium andraeanum coated controlled release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106116759B (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2020-03-20 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Fertilizer for improving potassium content of tobacco leaves and improving quality of flue-cured tobacco in Huang-Huai-Hai alkaline soil and application thereof |
| CN107879789A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-04-06 | 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所 | Rear base, which is turned over, suitable for tobacco-growing soil green manure applies slow-release BB fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN109206248A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-01-15 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | A kind of tobacco tailored version formula delays controlled-releasing compounding fertilizer and its method of administration |
| CN110183264A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-30 | 四川省烟草公司凉山州公司 | A kind of Special compound fertilizer for tobacco and preparation method thereof and method of administration |
| CN112159282A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-01 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Blended controlled-release fertilizer for cured tobaccos in the southwest of Ebei and preparation method and application thereof |
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