A kind of NiTiO
3The process for preparing sol-gel of nano-powder
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of NiTiO
3The preparation method of nano-powder is specifically related to a kind of NiTiO
3The process for preparing sol-gel of nano-powder.
Background technology
The titanium-containing oxide MTiO that contains different metal
3(M=Ni, Pb, Fe, Co, Cu and Zn) is widely used in the inorganic functional material of solid oxide fuel cell electrode (SOFC), metal one air impermeable material, gas sensor.NiTiO
3The trigonal system that belongs to ilmenite structure, because its semi-conductivity and weak magnetic, be important chemical material and electric material, be used for many industrial circles, as semiconductor rectifier, supercarbonate catalyzer and surface coated dyeing mixture, also can be used as the coating material that reduces friction and loss under the hot conditions.NiTiO
3Have high Q value, low-k and good sound-optical and electrical-optical character, have wide application prospect, cause that people greatly pay close attention to.Nanometer NiTiO
3Particulate has the characteristics such as quantum size effect, surface effects, macro quanta tunnel effect of nano material because size is little, and specific surface area is big, compares with traditional material to have more particular performances.
At present about preparation NiTiO
3The report of nano-powder is not a lot, NiTiO
3The preparation of nano-powder remains the comparatively novel problem of material circle.Traditional preparation NiTiO
3The preparation method of nano-powder has solid sintering technology (F.Tietz, F.J.Dias, B.Dubiel, et al.Materials Science and Engineering.1999,68:35-41), gel of stearic acid method (M.S.Sadjadi, K.Zare, S.Khanahmadzadeh.Materials Letters, 2008,62:3679-3681) etc., these methods all are just to make crystallization NiTiO completely under comparatively high temps
3Powder, and under relatively low temperature, make NiTiO
3The report of powder is less.Peng Zifei, and Wang Guozhong etc. (Peng Zifei, Wang Guozhong, Zhang Lide. synthetic chemistry, 1996, (2): 99-101) and Zhou Lan, (Zhou Lan, Liu Xiaojun such as Liu Xiaojun, Zhang Shuyi, etc. Nanjing University's journal, 1997,33 (1): 32-36) adopt chemical precipitation method all to prepare nanometer NiTiO
3Powder, but the powder purity of this method preparation is not high, contains impurity.In addition, (K..L pes a, L.S.Cavalcante a, A.Z.Simoes, et al.2009, (468): the 327-332) NiTiO that adopts sol-gel method to prepare such as K.P.Lopes
3Nano-powder also has the NiO powder after calcining.Up to now, yet there are no preparation high-purity N iTiO free from foreign meter under relatively low temperature
3The report of nano-powder.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of not only preparation cost low, and NiTiO simple to operate, that reaction time is short
3The process for preparing sol-gel of nano-powder, method of the present invention can be prepared NiTiO free from foreign meter under relatively low temperature
3Nano-powder.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
Step 1: analytically pure six water nickelous nitrates are added in the dehydrated alcohol, and constantly stir, be mixed with Ni
2+Concentration is the clear solution of 0.3mol/L~0.6mol/L, and gained solution is designated as A;
Step 2: in A solution, add analytically pure tetrabutyl titanate, make Ni
2+With Ti
4+Mol ratio be 1: 1, and constantly stir, and then in solution, add citric acid, making citric acid and all cationic mol ratios is 0.7~2: 1, adding at last is respectively 5: 1~10: 1 water and 7: 1~15: 1 methyl ethyl diketone with the dehydrated alcohol volume ratio, leaves standstill formation colloidal sol after stirring and is designated as B;
Step 3: above-mentioned sol B is put into loft drier,, make it form gel at 80 ℃~120 ℃ dry 8h~12h, stand-by behind the gel usefulness agate mortar porphyrize that drying is good;
Step 4: the xerogel of porphyrize is put into retort furnace calcine, temperature is controlled at 700 ℃, and calcination time is 0.5h~3h, cools to room temperature with the furnace, promptly obtains final product-the do not contain NiTiO of any impurity
3Nano-powder.
The NiTiO that the present invention makes
3The nano-powder grain-size is less, good dispersion, and particle distribution is even, and agglomeration is less, and does not contain any impurity; Preparation NiTiO
3Nano-powder is short reaction time, good reproducibility, and preparation is simple, and easy to operate, raw material is easy to get, and preparation cost is lower.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the NiTiO of the present invention's preparation
3The X-ray diffraction of nano-powder (XRD) collection of illustrative plates;
Fig. 2 is the NiTiO of the present invention's preparation
3The scanning electron microscope of nano-powder (SEM) photo.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1: analytically pure six water nickelous nitrates are added in the dehydrated alcohol, and constantly stir, be mixed with Ni
2+Concentration is the clear solution of 0.3mol/L, and gained solution is designated as A; In A solution, add analytically pure tetrabutyl titanate, make Ni
2+With Ti
4+Mol ratio be 1: 1, and constantly stir, and then in solution, add citric acid, making citric acid and all cationic mol ratios is 0.7: 1, adding at last is respectively 5: 1 water and 7: 1 methyl ethyl diketone with the dehydrated alcohol volume ratio, leaves standstill formation colloidal sol after stirring and is designated as B; Above-mentioned sol B is put into loft drier,, make it form gel at 80 ℃ of dry 12h, stand-by behind the gel usefulness agate mortar porphyrize that drying is good; The xerogel of porphyrize is put into retort furnace calcine, temperature is controlled at 700 ℃, and calcination time is 0.5h, cools to room temperature with the furnace, promptly obtains final product-the do not contain NiTiO of any impurity
3Nano-powder.
NiTiO with gained
3Nano-powder finds that with Japanese D/max2000PC x-ray diffractometer analytic sample of science product is the NiTiO that JCPDS is numbered 33-0960
3(Fig. 1).This sample is observed with the JSM-6390A type scanning electronic microscope (Fig. 2) that Japanese JEOL company produces, from the prepared as can be seen NiTiO of photo
3Nano-powder is a spherical particle.
Embodiment 2: analytically pure six water nickelous nitrates are added in the dehydrated alcohol, and constantly stir, be mixed with Ni
2+Concentration is the clear solution of 0.5mol/L, and gained solution is designated as A; In A solution, add analytically pure tetrabutyl titanate, make Ni
2+With Ti
4+Mol ratio be 1: 1, and constantly stir, and then in solution, add citric acid, making citric acid and all cationic mol ratios is 1.2: 1, adding at last is respectively 10: 1 water and 15: 1 methyl ethyl diketone with the dehydrated alcohol volume ratio, leaves standstill formation colloidal sol after stirring and is designated as B; Above-mentioned sol B is put into loft drier,, make it form gel at 100 ℃ of dry 10h, stand-by behind the gel usefulness agate mortar porphyrize that drying is good; The xerogel of porphyrize is put into retort furnace calcine, temperature is controlled at 700 ℃, and calcination time is 1h, cools to room temperature with the furnace, promptly obtains final product-the do not contain NiTiO of any impurity
3Nano-powder.
Embodiment 3: analytically pure six water nickelous nitrates are added in the dehydrated alcohol, and constantly stir, be mixed with Ni
2+Concentration is the clear solution of 0.4mol/L, and gained solution is designated as A; In A solution, add analytically pure tetrabutyl titanate, make Ni
2+With Ti
4+Mol ratio be 1: 1, and constantly stir, and then in solution, add citric acid, making citric acid and all cationic mol ratios is 1.6: 1, adding at last is respectively 6: 1 water and 7: 1 methyl ethyl diketone with the dehydrated alcohol volume ratio, leaves standstill formation colloidal sol after stirring and is designated as B; Above-mentioned sol B is put into loft drier,, make it form gel at 120 ℃ of dry 8h, stand-by behind the gel usefulness agate mortar porphyrize that drying is good; The xerogel of porphyrize is put into retort furnace calcine, temperature is controlled at 700 ℃, and calcination time is 2h, cools to room temperature with the furnace, promptly obtains final product-the do not contain NiTiO of any impurity
3Nano-powder.
Embodiment 4: analytically pure six water nickelous nitrates are added in the dehydrated alcohol, and constantly stir, be mixed with Ni
2+Concentration is the clear solution of 0.6mol/L, and gained solution is designated as A; In A solution, add analytically pure tetrabutyl titanate, make Ni
2+With Ti
4+Mol ratio be 1: 1, and constantly stir, and then in solution, add citric acid, making citric acid and all cationic mol ratios is 2: 1, adding at last is respectively 7: 1 water and 10: 1 methyl ethyl diketone with the dehydrated alcohol volume ratio, leaves standstill formation colloidal sol after stirring and is designated as B; Above-mentioned sol B is put into loft drier,, make it form gel at 90 ℃ of dry 11h, stand-by behind the gel usefulness agate mortar porphyrize that drying is good; The xerogel of porphyrize is put into retort furnace calcine, temperature is controlled at 700 ℃, and calcination time is 3h, cools to room temperature with the furnace, promptly obtains final product-the do not contain NiTiO of any impurity
3Nano-powder.