CN101691641B - Smelting process for steel ingot of main pipe line of primary loop in AP1000 nuclear power technology - Google Patents
Smelting process for steel ingot of main pipe line of primary loop in AP1000 nuclear power technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN101691641B CN101691641B CN2009102104451A CN200910210445A CN101691641B CN 101691641 B CN101691641 B CN 101691641B CN 2009102104451 A CN2009102104451 A CN 2009102104451A CN 200910210445 A CN200910210445 A CN 200910210445A CN 101691641 B CN101691641 B CN 101691641B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneniobium Chemical compound [Nb]#C UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZVWKZXLXHLZXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium nitride Chemical compound [Zr]#N ZVWKZXLXHLZXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a smelting process for a steel ingot of a main pipe line of a primary loop in AP1000 nuclear power technology, which comprises the following steps: 1) producing a consumable electrode by using an electric arc furnace and an AOD furnace, and adding 0.05 to 0.10 percent of niobium and 0.01 to 0.03 percent of zirconium during smelting; and 2) producing the steel ingot by using an electroslag remelting method: adopting 316LN Benxi steel as an underlayer, adopting the Benxi steel to start an arc, and adopting TiC as an arc striking agent. The mechanical property and the grain size of the steel ingot after smithing are ensured without generating a crackle during smithing by using a rational and effective smelting method.
Description
(1), technical field the present invention relates to a kind of smelting technology of pipeline steel ingot, specifically a kind of smelting technology of AP1000 nuclear power technology one primary loop piping steel ingot.
(2), the present China of background technology in a large number in Ningde of building, Fuqing, Fan family mountain, red along the river, Nuclear power plants such as Chang River, adopt two generation the modified form nuclear power technology, according to the RCC-M index formation.One primary loop piping adopts and contains 12～20% ferritic austenite one ferritic stainless steel (Z3CN20-09M) materials, produces elbow, straight tube by the method for casting, is welded internal diameter of the pipeline Φ 698.5～787.4mm, 40 years lives then.
Adopt the Z3CN20-09M material, solved the stainless welding crack contradiction of heavy wall type, under the situation that lacks large-scale tubulation apparatus, be one and well select.But in the life-time service process, may produce the fragility precipitate, the two-phase performance is changed at the two-phase interface place.In nuclear island, a primary loop piping is used for guaranteeing to flow through the refrigerant normal circulation of nuclear reactor core, and its performance will directly have influence on the safe operation of Nuclear power plants; In addition because straight tube all adopts welding process to be connected with elbow, so the inspection of butt welded seam and heat affected zone is an important job of Nuclear power plants.At present, UT (Ultrasonic Testing) is mainly adopted in inservice inspection, and the property visited of cast structure is very poor, is difficult to find that the early stage inefficacy that occurs changes, and is unfavorable for life-time service.
In 2006, China and US Westinghouse company signed the agreement of introducing the AP1000 nuclear power technology.The AP1000 nuclear power technology all be better than in safety performance, on the construction period two generation the modified form nuclear power technology.The primary loop piping of AP1000 adopts the 316LN austenitic stainless steel material of control nitrogen, solves performance, structure stability and inservice inspection reliability, 60 years lives by forged method synthesis.
At 4 nuclear power generating sets that China Zhejiang San Men, Haiyang, Shandong are built, be the Nuclear power plants that adopts the AP1000 nuclear power technology to build in the world first.In nuclear island primary device, a primary loop piping is unique domestic procurement project.
The home and abroad does not successfully forge the precedent of flawless AP1000 main pipe line at present.
Will successfully produce forging one primary loop piping that meets the demands, its manufacturing process comprises: smelting, forging, machining, bend, main technique such as thermal treatment.Wherein smelting is the basis of whole technology, and how controlling composition, inclusion and air content all will directly influence the forgeability of material.
In US Westinghouse company's technical qualification, to the composition of material and forge the back mechanical property requirements shown in table 1,2:
Table 1 main pipe line chemical ingredients (%)
| ?C | Si | Mn | ?P | ?S | Cr | Ni | Mo | Cu | Co | N |
| ?≤0.020 | ≤0.75 | ≤1.50 | ?≤0.025 | ?≤0.005 | 16.00 ～ 18.00 | 11.00 ～ 14.00 | 2.00 ～ 3.00 | ≤0.10 | ≤0.05 | 0.10 ～ 0.16 |
Table 2 main pipe line mechanical property
Annotate: three samples of a position are one group; MV is the mean value of three samples in a group; SV is the Schwellenwert that allows a sample in a group.
In addition, AP1000 main pipe line requirement grain fineness number is an ASTM2 level or thinner.
The AP1000 main pipe line adopts monobloc forging formula structure stainless steel hammer welded pipe, comprises two circulation loops, and each loop comprises a hot arc (ligation heap and vapour generator) and two cold section (being connected vapour generator and main pump).Hot arc manufacture difficulty maximum wherein, nearly 9 tons of hot arc finished weights, needed forging steel ingot surpasses 70 tons, how to guarantee that the crystalline quality of steel ingot and forgeability are the problems that will consider when smelting.Guarantee not crack when steel ingot forges back mechanical property, grain fineness number and forging, consider following problem:
(1) with final mechanical property and to improve its forgeability be reference, the composition of appropriate design material;
(2) adopt micro-alloying technology, the crystal structure of refinement material.
(3) adopt reasonable, effective smelting process, thinning microstructure and minimizing gas, inclusion content, the forgeability of raising material.
At present, seminess all takes place in the steel ingot that the conventional two vacuum method of employing is smelted when forging.The technology of flawless large-scale steel ingot is not at home, appear in the newspapers outward as yet when successfully smelting AP1000 one primary loop piping and forging.
(3), summary of the invention technical problem to be solved by this invention is, a kind of smelting technology of AP1000 nuclear power technology one primary loop piping steel ingot is provided, adopts reasonable, effective smelting process to guarantee not crack when steel ingot forges back mechanical property, grain fineness number and forging.To overcome the defective of existing technology.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme.
A kind of smelting technology of AP1000 nuclear power technology one primary loop piping steel ingot is characterized in that: comprise following steps:
1), adopt electric arc furnace+AOD stove to produce consumable electrode, add 0.05%～0.10% niobium and 0.01%～0.03% zirconium during smelting, the main pipe line chemical ingredients is as shown in table 3:
Table 3 main pipe line chemical ingredients (%)
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo | Cu | Co | N |
| ≤0.015 | ≤0.4 | ≤1.25 | ≤0.020 | ≤0.005 | 17.00 ～ 18.00 | 12.00 ～ 13.00 | 2.00 ～ 2.50 | ≤0.10 | ≤0.05 | 0.10 ～ 0.13 |
2), the method for esr is produced steel ingot: adopt this steel of 316LN heelpiece, adopt the starting the arc of this steel, adopt TiC as the striking agent.
Positively effect of the present invention is:
(1), the AOD stove can satisfy the condition of producing the 316LN Ultralow Carbon Stainless Steel, and with respect to VOD, its nitrogen content can accurately be controlled.
(2), adopt the method for esr to reduce to be mingled with, crystal grain thinning, acquisition be tending towards axial crystal structure, thereby improve the forgeability of material.
(3), rational chemical guarantees the final mechanical property of material and has good forgeability.When smelting, add a spot of niobium and zirconium, the niobium carbide that the former forms works when metal freezing, and the zirconium nitride that the latter forms works when forging, and reaches the purpose of crystal grain thinning.
(4), adopt this steel of 316LN heelpiece, adopt the starting the arc of this steel, adopt TiC as the striking agent, the carburetting problem in the time of can well solving steel ingot and smelt.
(4), embodiment further describes the present invention below in conjunction with specific examples.
With the main pipe hot leg is that example illustrates technology of the present invention.
Will successfully forge main pipe hot leg, required steel ingot is about 75 tons.Processing step is as follows:
1), adopt electric arc furnace+AOD stove to produce consumable electrode;
When adopting electric arc furnace+AOD stove to produce consumable electrode, consider following problem:
(1), composition design
Rational chemical is the basis that guarantees the final mechanical property of material and have good forgeability.When forging main pipe hot leg, the weight of steel ingot will be above 70 tons, and for the stainless forging of large-scale 316LN, China still lacks experience.In contrast to plain carbon stool, the 316LN stainless steel has higher high temperature strength, in order to improve its forgeability, improve its Forge Heating temperature, and the increase of Heating temperature easily forms δ phase ferrite at austenite grain boundary, when reaching some amount, can sharply reduce the forgeability of material.So first requirement of composition design is control δ phase formation temperature and quantity.In the various alloying constituents shown in the table 1, two kinds of elements of C, N are present in the austenite in gap solid solution mode, can increase substantially Tensile strength; And Cr, Si, Mn, Mo, Ni element are present in the austenite in displacement solid solution mode, and except that Ni reduced Tensile strength, all the other elements all helped the tensile strength of material.From above 2, the main pipe line composition of design is as shown in table 3:
Table 3 main pipe line chemical ingredients (%)
| ?C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo | Cu | Co | N |
| ?≤0.015 | ≤0.4 | ≤1.25 | ≤0.020 | ≤0.005 | 17.00 ～ 18.00 | 12.00 ～ 13.00 | 2.00 ～ 2.50 | ≤0.10 | ≤0.05 | 0.10 ～ 0.13 |
(2), microalloying
Because the finished product have requirement to grain fineness number, and for Cast Stainless Steel, its crystal grain is comparatively thick,,, must increase forged difficulty and workload as reaching the requirement of grain fineness number if when smelting, do not carry out the control of crystal grain.So when smelting, adopt micro-alloying technology to come crystal grain thinning, mainly consider from two aspects: 1. during metal freezing, the crystallization of refinement tissue; When 2. forging, can form two little second phases and separate out, hinder grain growth.Therefore, when smelting, the niobium of adding 0.05%～0.10% and 0.01%～0.03% zirconium, the niobium carbide that the former forms works when metal freezing, and the zirconium nitride that the latter forms works when forging.
2), the method for esr is produced steel ingot: adopt this steel of 316LN heelpiece, adopt the starting the arc of this steel, adopt TiC as the striking agent.
When carrying out esr, consider the problem of steel ingot carburetting.Because room, U.S. west technological standard is very strict for the requirement of carbon, so will take special technology, not carburetting when making remelting when remelting.Conventional smelting process generally is to adopt the Graphite Electrodes slag and adopt the carbon steel heelpiece, because the above two all can make steel ingot carburetting, so be not suitable for the production of a primary loop piping steel ingot.Adopt this steel of 316LN heelpiece, adopt the starting the arc of this steel, adopt TiC, the carburetting problem in the time of can well solving the steel ingot smelting as the striking agent.
Detected result: the consumable electrode chemical ingredients that adopts electric arc furnace+AOD to produce is as shown in table 4:
Table 4 consumable electrode chemical ingredients
| Element (%) | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | Ni | Cu | Co | N |
| Standard | ≤ 0.02 | ≤ 0.75 | ≤ 2.00 | ≤ 0.025 | ≤ 0.005 | 16.00 ～ 18.00 | 2.00 ～ 3.00 | 11.00 ～ 14.00 | ≤ 0.10 | ≤ 0.050 | 0.10 ～ 0.16 |
| Actual | 0.010 | 0.36 | 1.33 | 0.019 | 0.003 | 17.32 | 2.50 | 12.54 | 0.075 | 0.042 | 0.128 |
Chemical ingredients is as shown in table 5 behind the esr:
Table 5 ESR ingot chemical ingredients
| Element (%) | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | Ni | Cu | Co | N |
| Standard | ≤ 0.02 | ≤ 0.75 | ≤ 2.00 | ≤ 0.025 | ≤ 0.005 | 16.00 ～ 18.00 | 2.00 ～ 3.00 | 11.00 ～ 14.00 | ≤ 0.10 | ≤ 0.050 | 0.10 ～ 0.16 |
| Actual | 0.010 | 0.30 | 1.26 | 0.024 | 0.001 5 | 17.62 | 2.42 | 12.21 | 0.069 | 0.047 | 0.138 |
The finished product mechanical property is as shown in table 6:
Table 6 main pipe line (hot arc) mechanical property
Claims (1)
1. the smelting technology of AP1000 nuclear power technology one a primary loop piping steel ingot is characterized in that: comprise following steps:
1), adopt electric arc furnace+AOD stove to produce consumable electrode, add 0.05%～0.10% niobium and 0.01%～0.03% zirconium during smelting, the main pipe line chemical ingredients is as shown in table 3:
Table 3 main pipe line chemical ingredients (%)
2), the method for esr is produced steel ingot: adopt this steel of 316LN heelpiece, adopt the starting the arc of this steel, adopt TiC as the striking agent.
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102091751B (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2013-08-21 | 太原科技大学 | Control method for 316 LN steel heavy-forging crystalline grain |
| CN102201024B (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2012-10-17 | 华东理工大学 | Method for determining process parameter of expanded connection between tube and tube plate of AP1000 nuclear power passive heat exchanger |
| CN102233417B (en) * | 2011-07-07 | 2012-10-31 | 烟台台海玛努尔核电设备股份有限公司 | Centrifugal casting process for main pipeline of million kilowatt-grade nuclear power plant |
| CN102319848A (en) * | 2011-09-02 | 2012-01-18 | 上海新闵重型锻造有限公司 | Primary side of steam generator is taken over the Forging Technology of witness spare and safe end |
| CN103352175B (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2016-01-20 | 钢铁研究总院 | A kind of control nitrogen austenitic stainless steel and manufacture method thereof |
| CN103706963B (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2015-12-02 | 四川大西洋焊接材料股份有限公司 | A kind of stainless steel welding electrode for three generations's main nuclear power pipeline and production method thereof |
| CN107779787B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2020-07-14 | 浙江大隆合金钢有限公司 | Austenitic stainless steel for Z2CN19-10NS nuclear power pipeline and steel ingot production method |
| CN115725814B (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2023-12-08 | 天津重型装备工程研究有限公司 | Smelting method of steel ingot of main pipeline of nuclear power unit and steel ingot |
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| CN1840716A (en) * | 2005-03-28 | 2006-10-04 | 宝钢集团上海梅山有限公司 | Arcing and smelting technology for liquid slag in electroslag furnace |
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| CN1840716A (en) * | 2005-03-28 | 2006-10-04 | 宝钢集团上海梅山有限公司 | Arcing and smelting technology for liquid slag in electroslag furnace |
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