CN101559318B - Thermal carbon composite denitration method for coal-fired boiler - Google Patents

Thermal carbon composite denitration method for coal-fired boiler Download PDF

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CN101559318B
CN101559318B CN 200910068994 CN200910068994A CN101559318B CN 101559318 B CN101559318 B CN 101559318B CN 200910068994 CN200910068994 CN 200910068994 CN 200910068994 A CN200910068994 A CN 200910068994A CN 101559318 B CN101559318 B CN 101559318B
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coal
boiler
denitration
percent
fired boiler
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CN101559318A (en
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杨久俊
张磊
杨沛森
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Tianjin Chaoyang Environmental Protection Technology Group Co Ltd
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Tianjin Urban Construction College
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Abstract

The invention discloses a thermal carbon composite denitration method for a coal-fired boiler, and relates to a denitrifying agent and a preparation method and a use method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: mixing 80 to 100 mass percent of powdered coke, 0 to 20 mass percent of calcium material and 0 to 5 mass percent of vanadium slag; grinding the mixture until the fineness is 75mu m and the sieve residue is less than 10 percent; and taking flue gas extracted from a tail flue of the boiler as a conveying medium, spraying the denitrifying agent of which the combustion heat ou tput is 10 to 20 percent of the fuel heat output into a hearth in a multi-point opposite spraying mode through a spray head which is arranged in a region at the temperature of between 950 and 1,200 DEG C on the upper part of the hearth of the coal-fired boiler, and maintaining the excess air factor alpha be less than 1. The method realizes denitration in the boiler, has the denitration efficiency of more than 80 percent, less investment cost, low operation cost and good safety in the operation process.

Description

A kind of thermal carbon composite denitration method for coal-fired boiler
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of thermal carbon composite denitration method for coal-fired boiler, belong to environmental protection technical field.
Background technology
The coal-fired energy accounts for 85% in the energy resource structure of China, and thermoelectricity accounts for 80% in the electric structure.Developing rapidly of thermoelectricity produced a large amount of gas pollutants, and nitrogen oxide is exactly wherein a kind of.
The control technology of nitrogen oxides from coal-fired boiler can be divided into two large classes generally, i.e. denitration after denitration in the burning, the burning.Denitration technology mainly contains in the burning: 1) low-temperature burning; 2) low oxygen combustion; 3) adopt low NO xBurner; 4) flue gas recirculating technique etc.
Denitration technology mainly contains after the burning: 1) non-catalytic reduction technique: make NH at upper furnace spray ammonia or urea 3With NO xReaction generates N 22) catalytic reduction technique: at smoke gas flow through locating to install catalyst, catalyzing N O xGenerate N 23) charcoal absorption; 4) electron beam denitration etc.
To have system simple for denitride technology in the burning, the characteristics such as transforms and operating cost is relatively low, but that weak point is nitric efficiency is lower, can not reach the degree of depth and reduce the requirement that NOx discharges.The nitric efficiency of denitride technology is higher after the burning, even can surpass 90%, but its system complex, construction and operating cost are very high, and there is great difficulty in spread in China.
Publication number reduces NO with fine breeze as reburning fuel for the Chinese patent application of CN1240965C provides a kind of xMethod and implement device thereof, its method is to utilize the parts of fine coal dust as reburning fuel, sprays into 1200~1500 ℃ of zones of coal-powder boiler, realizes denitration.
Publication number provides a kind of combustion method and device thereof with denitration by refueling pyrolysis gas of biomass for the Chinese patent application of CN1157557C, its method is to utilize the hot flue gas of part of coal-powder boiler back-end ductwork to enter pyrolysis gasification furnace to make wherein biomass pyrogenation gasification, pyrolysis gas sprays into the coal-powder boiler reducing zone, makes the NO in the stove xReaction.
Summary of the invention
The inventor is through large quantity research and test, developed that a kind of operational system is simple, construction and the cheap coal-burning boiler method of denitration of operating cost.The inventive method has realized denitration in the stove and has improved denitration efficiency that the quality of having improved the rear flyash of burning can be reused.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of denitrfying agent for coal-burning boiler and preparation method thereof.
Denitrfying agent of the present invention is comprised of the component of following mass ratio: coke blacking 80~100%, calcareous material 0~20%, vanadium slag 0-5%.
In order to obtain better effect, the preferred carbide slag of calcareous material or quick lime.The moisture content of described carbide slag<2%.
Denitrfying agent of the present invention can adopt general manufacturing process in the industry, or adopts the following methods preparation: coke blacking, calcareous material and vanadium slag are mixed, and grinding to fineness is that 75 μ m tail over<10%.
The present invention also aims to provide a kind of thermal carbon composite denitration method for coal-fired boiler, may further comprise the steps:
1) prepares described denitrfying agent, after metering, grinding, separation, store for future use;
2) with the flue gas that extracts in the boiler back end ductwork as pumped (conveying) medium, be that the denitrfying agent of heat output of fuel 10~20% is by being arranged at the shower nozzle of 950 ℃ on coal-burning boiler burner hearth top~1200 ℃ of temperature provinces with the combustion heating amount, adopt multiple spot that the spray mode is sprayed into burner hearth, and keep excess air coefficient α less than 1.
In order to obtain better denitration effect and reduction NO, denitrfying agent sprays into district's excess air factor preferred 0.8~1.0; Shower nozzle is covering of the fan and distributes, with horizontal line angle 5~-45 °; The speed that denitrfying agent sprays into burner hearth is 40m/s~60m/s; Keeping denitrfying agent is 0.4s~2.0s in the time of staying of reducing zone; Be 0.4s~2.0s in the time of staying of burning-out zone; Effectively input burner hearth in order to guarantee that denitrfying agent is stable, preferably extract from boiler back end ductwork with blower fan, flue-gas temperature is 130 ℃~150 ℃.
Advantage and disadvantage of the present invention is:
1. the inventive method can realize that denitration in the stove and denitration efficiency more than 80%, are higher than general low NO xTechnology and near the afterbody denitration technology.
2. use denitrfying agent denitration of the present invention, can make the integral combustion efficient of boiler higher, utilize carbide slag trade waste partial desulfurization to alleviate follow-up operation desulfurization difficulty, and improve simultaneously the quality of flyash.
3. the invention process is easy, and is simple to the transformation of boiler.
4 costs of investment are little, operating cost is low, and the running security is good.
Description of drawings
The preparation of a kind of denitrfying agent of Fig. 1, use integrated device
Among the figure: 1. coke blacking batcher 2. calcareous material batchers 3. vanadium slag batchers 4. flour mills 5. mill separators 6. pulverized-coal collectors 7. denitrfying agent warehouses 8. after-flame wind snout 9. denitrfying agent spouts, 10. light burner 11. stove cigarette blower fans 12 or 14. economizers 13 or 15 air preheaters, 16. dedusters, 17. air-introduced machines
Fig. 2 shower nozzle scheme of installation.
The specific embodiment
In order to understand better the present invention, the present invention is further described by the following embodiment, but do not limit the present invention.
The preparation of embodiment 1 denitrfying agent
Get coke blacking 82%, carbide slag 16%, the moisture content of carbide slag<2%, vanadium slag 2% is put into ball mill after the mixing, and grinding to fineness is that 75 μ m tail over<10%, gets denitrfying agent of the present invention.
The preparation of embodiment 2 denitrfying agents
Get coke blacking 88%, quick lime 10%, vanadium slag 2% is put into ball mill after the mixing, and grinding to fineness is that 75 μ m tail over<10%, gets denitrfying agent of the present invention.
The preparation of embodiment 3 denitrfying agents
Get coke blacking 97%, vanadium slag 3% is put into ball mill after the mixing, and grinding to fineness is that 75 μ m tail over<10%, gets denitrfying agent of the present invention.
The preparation of embodiment 4 denitrfying agents
Get coke blacking 82%, carbide slag 17% is put into ball mill after the mixing, and grinding to fineness is that 75 μ m tail over<10%, gets denitrfying agent of the present invention.
The application of embodiment 5 denitrfying agents of the present invention
To account for the denitrfying agent of heat output of fuel 10~20% by being arranged at the shower nozzle of 950 ℃ on Pulverized Fuel Boiler Furnace top~1200 ℃ of temperature provinces, utilize the flue gas that extracts in the boiler back end ductwork as pumped (conveying) medium, adopt multiple spot that the spray mode is sprayed into burner hearth, form reducing atmosphere at excess air coefficient α under less than 1 condition, make reduction of nitrogen oxide.The angle of spout can with horizontal line angle 5~-45 scopes in change, as shown in Figure 2.
If necessary, also the flue gas that extracts in the boiler back end ductwork can be drawn as after-flame wind, spray in the burner hearth by being arranged in the after-flame wind snout that fires again the spout top, make the completing combustion of uncombusted coke blacking.
The application of embodiment 6 denitrfying agents of the present invention
Also can adopt a kind of device, make denitrfying agent preparation, use integrated.Fig. 1 is a kind of device schematic diagram.
Coke blacking, calcareous material and vanadium slag enter flour mill 4 through batcher 1,2,3, through behind the grinding, enter mill separator 5 and carry out the thickness separation, and the denitrfying agent that fineness is qualified is captured by pulverized-coal collector 6 and enters 7 storages of denitrfying agent warehouse.The flue gas that the interior coal dust firing of burner hearth produces is through economizing coal gas 12 and 14, and air preheater 13,15 carries out the dedusting that deduster 16 is passed through in heat exchange afterwards.Partial fume is drawn behind deduster 16, mixes with denitrfying agent in the denitrfying agent warehouse 7 by the stove smoke pipeline through stove cigarette blower fan 11, enters burner hearth reburning zone B from reburning zone spout 9, and denitrfying agent combustion heating amount is to account for 10~20% of heat output of fuel.NO xProduce at primary zone A, B is reduced to N in the reburning zone 2, unburnt coke blacking is at burning-out zone C after-flame.
The native system method of operation is flexible, both can move with main burner, also can be unwanted the time, and boiler recovers traditional method of operation.

Claims (4)

1. a denitrfying agent that is used for coal-burning boiler is characterized in that being comprised of the component of following mass ratio: coke blacking 82%, carbide slag 16%, vanadium slag 2%.
2. out of stock a dose of being used for coal-burning boiler is characterized in that being comprised of the component of following mass ratio: coke blacking 88%, quick lime 10%, vanadium slag 2%.
3. denitrfying agent for coal-burning boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that the moisture content of described carbide slag<2%.
One kind according to claim 1, the preparation method of 2 or 3 described denitrfying agents for coal-burning boiler, it is characterized in that coke blacking, carbide slag or quick lime, vanadium slag are mixed, grinding to fineness is that 75 μ m tail over<10%.
CN 200910068994 2009-05-25 2009-05-25 Thermal carbon composite denitration method for coal-fired boiler Active CN101559318B (en)

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CN102745920B (en) * 2012-07-18 2015-04-29 天津城市建设学院 Technique for dry method cement kiln carbon thermal reduction and denitration by out-kiln decomposition
CN103801192B (en) * 2014-02-21 2015-11-11 陕西理工学院 A kind of technique of cement kiln denitrating flue gas
CN106731815A (en) * 2016-12-26 2017-05-31 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 Denitration honeycomb heat accumulation body and preparation method thereof
CN109420427A (en) * 2017-09-04 2019-03-05 淮安市水泥厂有限公司 A kind of processing method being used for desulphurization denitration using industrial residue alkaline residue substitution lime stone
CN107551799B (en) * 2017-10-12 2020-06-19 北京工业大学 Dry-method cement kiln flue gas desulfurization and denitrification integrated method
CN107890759B (en) * 2017-11-17 2019-11-12 山东大学 Circulating fluidized bed boiler flue gas CO2、SO2And NOxCooperation-removal system and method
CN109539239A (en) * 2018-11-23 2019-03-29 兖矿集团有限公司 A kind of low heat-extraction system and its processing method of coal-burning boiler
CN112426882A (en) * 2020-11-30 2021-03-02 湘潭大学 Method for removing nitrogen oxides in high-temperature flue gas by pulverized coal fluidization
CN112460622A (en) * 2020-11-30 2021-03-09 湘潭大学 Method and system for clean utilization of fire coal
CN112460587A (en) * 2020-11-30 2021-03-09 湘潭大学 Low-oxygen high-efficiency combustion method and device for flue gas recirculation fluidization
CN113908619B (en) * 2021-09-24 2023-03-31 清远市博发环保科技有限公司 Production method and device for preparing liquid environment-friendly alkali from carbide slag
CN114797872B (en) * 2022-04-29 2023-03-14 清华大学 Medium-low temperature additive and process for jointly removing nitrous oxide and NOx in furnace

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CN1475305A (en) * 2003-07-11 2004-02-18 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 Catalyst for desulfurizing and denitrating at the same time and its application method
CN1587802A (en) * 2004-08-23 2005-03-02 国电热工研究院 Fine coal powder recombustion denitrificating method
CN1597094A (en) * 2004-08-02 2005-03-23 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 Honey comb shaped active carbon base catalyst used for sulfur removal and nitrate removal and its preparation and application
CN1864809A (en) * 2006-04-26 2006-11-22 张文辉 A method for purifying flue gas by use of powdered activated coke

Patent Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1385367A (en) * 2002-06-25 2002-12-18 南化集团研究院 Method for producing desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon by using byproduct carbon black
CN1475305A (en) * 2003-07-11 2004-02-18 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 Catalyst for desulfurizing and denitrating at the same time and its application method
CN1597094A (en) * 2004-08-02 2005-03-23 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 Honey comb shaped active carbon base catalyst used for sulfur removal and nitrate removal and its preparation and application
CN1587802A (en) * 2004-08-23 2005-03-02 国电热工研究院 Fine coal powder recombustion denitrificating method
CN1864809A (en) * 2006-04-26 2006-11-22 张文辉 A method for purifying flue gas by use of powdered activated coke

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Address after: 300384 Xiqing District, Tianjin Jing Jing Road, No. 26

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