CN101175963A - 应用无线技术进行食品温度设置的装置 - Google Patents

应用无线技术进行食品温度设置的装置 Download PDF

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CN101175963A
CN101175963A CNA2006800170557A CN200680017055A CN101175963A CN 101175963 A CN101175963 A CN 101175963A CN A2006800170557 A CNA2006800170557 A CN A2006800170557A CN 200680017055 A CN200680017055 A CN 200680017055A CN 101175963 A CN101175963 A CN 101175963A
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operator scheme
hutch
user interface
user
climate
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安德烈亚·贝尔托拉奇尼
斯特凡诺·祖科诺
迈克尔·法雷尔
吉里什·皮穆什卡
罗伯托·乔达诺
坦克雷迪·英格拉萨
安德烈·乌霍
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Electrolux Home Products Corp NV
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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    • F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
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    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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    • F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2317/06—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation
    • F25D2317/061—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation through special compartments
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    • F25D2400/00—General features of, or devices for refrigerators, cold rooms, ice-boxes, or for cooling or freezing apparatus not covered by any other subclass
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    • F25D25/00—Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled
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    • F25D2700/00—Means for sensing or measuring; Sensors therefor
    • F25D2700/12—Sensors measuring the inside temperature
    • F25D2700/121—Sensors measuring the inside temperature of particular compartments
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2207/00—Connections
    • H01H2207/048—Inductive or infrared coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
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    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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    • H01H2223/00—Casings
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Abstract

本发明涉及具有储藏箱(11)的装置，该储藏箱有用于进入箱内的开口(17)。为了封闭储藏箱(11)而布置有用于覆盖开口(17)的盖子(18)。所述装置还包括用于控制储藏箱(11)内部气候的气候控制***，所述***包括一个用于控制和调节储藏箱(11)的气候参数的控制单元(20)。所述***还包括用于检测参数的装置(21，22)。而且，所述***包括能够使用户选择所述***的操作模式的用户接口(23)。用户接口被置于盖子(18)上并且包括有限数量的用于选择的操作模式(25－29)。每个所述操作模式(25－29)对应一个气候参数值的确定设置并且通过用户接口(23)上的图形符号被指示出来。至少一个信号传输设备被置于用户接口上，所述设备通过无线的方式与控制单元通信。

Description

应用无线技术进行食品温度设置的装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有储藏箱的装置，该储藏箱有用于进入箱内的开口。为了封闭储藏箱而设置有用于覆盖开口的盖子。所述装置还包括用于控制储藏箱内部气候的气候控制***，所述***包括用于控制和调节储藏箱的气候参数的控制单元。所述***还包括检测参数的装置。
背景技术
控制储藏箱内气候的***是众所周知的。例如，在冷柜领域，例如冰箱或冷藏柜，柜体包含至少一个温度需要被控制的储藏箱。最通常的是控制温度，但是也可能需要控制其它气候参数，例如空气湿度。
美泰公司(Maytag Corporation)的美国专利US6170276公开了一种冷柜，其中包含一些内部气候受控制的储藏箱。如其所示，至少有一个储藏箱30内的气候是被特殊控制的。气候设备，用风扇71和入口/出口76/77表示，基于来自控制单元58的信息进行气候参数的调整。控制***还包括探测储藏箱内部气候的装置，例如连接在控制单元上的温度和湿度传感器。
如上所述专利，为了能够对水果和蔬菜或者其他的储备品提供最有效的存储气候，客户特别需要在单独的存储储藏箱内保存这种特殊的储备品。因此，所述储藏箱包括提供这些希望的存储空间的装置。例如，壁应该与储藏箱其他部分隔离并且控制***需要足够有效以能够进行气候控制。
美泰公司公开的解决方案和许多其它解决方案的一个问题是控制单元操作起来非常复杂。用户在多数情况下并不会意识到对于特殊储备品的合适的设置，并且操作公开的用户接口的按钮也会有问题。另一个问题是用户接口被布置在一个非常不方便的位置。当用户接口被置于类似于与抽屉盖相邻的小单元上时，用户弯下腰并读取和理解用户接口是困难的。而且，美泰公司的解决方案的一个问题是用户接口需要空间，从而导致降低了用于储备品的储藏箱的容积。
因此，本发明的一个目的是提供一个更适宜于客户的改进解决方案，意味着一个理解用户需求的方案。而且，本发明的一个目的是提供一个成本更低和更易于工业化的解决方案。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种具有储藏箱的装置，该储藏箱有用于进入箱内的开口。为了封闭储藏箱而设置有用于覆盖开口的盖子。所述装置还包括用于控制储藏箱内部气候的气候控制***，所述***包括用于控制和调节储藏箱的气候参数的控制单元。所述***还包括检测参数的装置。
而且，所述***包括使用户能够选择***操作的用户接口。用户接口被置于盖子上并且包括用于从中选择的有限数量的操作模式。每个操作模式对应于一组确定的气候参数值。
附图说明
将参考附图对本发明作进一步的描述，在附图中：
图1所示为冷柜的前向透视图，其中集成了具有气候控制***的储藏箱；
图2所示为图1中所示的储藏箱的前向透视图，在其中气候控制***被进一步展示；
图3所示为图1-2所示的储藏箱的盖子的前向透视图，在其中用户接口被进一步展示；
图4所示为图3所示的用户接口的更详细的正视图；
图5所示为用户接口选择装置的前向透视图。
具体实施方式
附图示出了根据本发明的有具有气候控制***的储藏箱的装置的说明性的具体实施例。此说明性的实施例不应被认为是对本发明的限制。它的目的是说明本发明能够怎样被应用并进一步说明本发明的范围。
图1所示为在其内集成了具有气候控制***的储藏箱11的冷柜10的前向透视图。此图仅仅展示了本技术领域的基本概念，即气候受控的储藏箱。这意味着本领域技术人员不应把此说明书和附图作为本发明范围的严格限制，说明书和附图实际上涉及气候控制***的特征，如图2-5所示。
图1展示了具有某种常规制冷***的冷柜10和储藏箱11是怎样协同工作的。在此实施例中，可以看到空气被提供而在冷柜的制冷隔间12和储藏箱的内部空间13之间流动。此空气流用箭头来表示，箭头14表示出从隔间12流到内部空间13，箭头15表示出从内部空间流到隔间12。像这样的气候设备，作为气候控制***的一部分，能够产生空气流。这样的设备优选地包括至少一个风扇和/或一个节气门(未示出)。而且，为了调整湿度，可以包含进能够调节湿度的装置。由于气候装置的特征不是本发明的关键，所以对此设备不做进一步描述。而且应该理解可选地此气候设备可以包括分离的制冷***，例如压缩机或可操纵的珀耳帖(Peltier)元件。这意味着储藏箱不需要如本实施例所展示的被置于冷柜内部。
储藏箱11包括环壁16和开口17。而且，为了使储藏箱封闭，设置有用于覆盖开口的盖子18。优选地，为了能够像抽屉一样滑进和滑出储藏箱，所示实施例的盖子是可滑动地安装在储藏箱上的贮藏器的一部分。完整的储藏器在图中没有显示，因为它不是本发明的关键并且它是公知技术的一部分。箭头19显示了说明性实施例的盖子在使用中是怎样移动的。可选地，此盖子可以是铰接在储藏箱上的门或盖。这意味着盖子的设计不是本发明的关键。
图2所示为储藏箱11的前向透视图，在其中气候控制***被进一步展示。也展示了环壁16和盖子17。而且，也展示了气候控制***。这一***的任务是控制储藏箱内部的气候参数，例如温度和空气湿度。为了能够完成这些操作，***包括一些部件。首先，具有控制单元20，优选地为带有微型计算机的PCB板。此控制单元可以是分离的并唯一地用于这个储藏箱，或者是用于更多的储藏箱和/或整个冷柜的较大的控制***的一部分。
控制单元20连接有传感器或探针，在该说明性实施例中为一个温度传感器21和一个空气湿度传感器22。这些传感器给控制单元提供储藏箱11内部的气候参数值的信息。例如，它们通过线连接35或无线技术连接到控制单元。储藏箱还包括安装在盖18上的用户接口23和安装在储藏箱下部的天线24。此天线可选的可以被置于储藏箱的顶部或其他更有利于储藏箱或整个冷柜操作的其它部位。
用户接口是本发明最关键的部分并且因此将参考图3-5进行详细的描述。
图3所示为储藏箱的盖18的前向透视图，在其中进一步说明了用户接口，图4所示为用户接口的正向更详细的视图。在这种气候控制***中引入用户接口的主要目的在于使用户能够选择***的操作。这意味着用户能够设置气候参数的值。例如，如果用户希望将储藏箱11内部设置为2摄氏度的温度和70％的空气湿度，他/她可以选择在用户接口上的值，控制***将确保调节储藏箱内的气候以达到所选择的参数值。如上所述，许多现有的通常用户接口的问题之一在于它们对于用户来说操作是困难的。本发明的用户接口试图解决这一问题。
如说明性实施例的图3-4所示，用户接口可以提供五个操作模式可供用户选择，如附图标记25-29所示。这些操作模式中的每个模式对应一个气候参数值的确定的设置。例如，操作模式25对应于2摄氏度的温度和70％的空气湿度。另一个操作模式29对应于0摄氏度温度和50％的空气湿度。这意味着用户不需要知道实际的设置值。代之的是他/她选择五个操作模式中的一个，气候控制***作余下的事情。为了与用户通信而告知特殊操作模式设置与何种储藏品相关，每个操作模式具有一个符号(印出或以电子方式显示)。操作模式27的星型就表示这种符号。优选地，特殊储藏品的图片，例如蔬菜，被显示出来(见图4)。
如上所述，此技术领域内公知的用户接口的另一个问题在于它们通常是很小的并且被置于盖子的边上。这通常意味着接口不得不很小从而难于看到和阅读。为了避开这一问题本发明的用户接口23被置于盖18上。这意味着它可以更大并更易于操作。为了提供方便的技术解决方案而使用户接口能够被置于可移动的部件上，例如盖子，本发明提出了一种如下文所述的装置。
新引入的射频通信技术是射频识别技术，即RFID.这些小的电子电路不需要任何能量供给并且能够传输数字码而识别自己。根据RFID工作的频率不同，它可以传输更复杂或更简单的信号。为了能够传输信号，RFID也包括某种天线，例如感应线圈，它能够接收磁或电场信号并利用这些信号激活RFID，并且因此能够传输数字码。未来可以预期RFID接收的能量不仅仅只能为用户传输数字码。
对应用于本发明来说，RFID是非常方便的技术。基本原理是在盖子的每个操作模式符号25-29上布置一个独立的RFID。每个独立的RFID有自己的数字码。在图4中，操作模式之一，26，显示出布置有RFID 30。箭头31表示出当RFID被激活时发出射频信号，而符号35表示被所发频率所携带的数字码。
如图2所示，气候控制***使用天线24的目的在于既激活RFID也可以接收传回的射频信号。因此，可以持续的“观察”RFID，也可以通过激活它们而定时查询(握手)RFID电路。由于具有了通信***，把用户所选的操作模式通知到控制单元成为可能。如图5所示，本发明使用屏蔽而做到这些。
图5所示为说明性实施例的用户接口原理模型的前向透视图。在图中，展示了五个RFID中的两个RFID 27和28，它们中的一个28用虚线表示。用户接口还包括具有能够表示用户所选的操作模式25-29的移动部件32的机构。图中展示了附图标记为27的操作模式的符号(星型)。实施例的所述机构包括滑动框33，见图4，它用于支持移动部件。当然可以使用旋转或其他任何替代机构而完成同样的操作模式。移动部件的位置可以用多种形式表示出，这就是为什么说明性实施例不描述任何特殊的表示形式的原因。一种方式是使用框架表示所选的符号。另一种方式是使用激活RFID上的发光装置点亮或改变所选符号的颜色。
移动部件32的目的在于当它被置于RFID处时，发向这个RFID或从这个RFID发出的信号将被屏蔽掉。这意味着气候控制***将不会“看到”这个RFID。它仍会看到其他四个RFID。这意味着***将易于选出用户所选的操作模式并且激活所需的调整过程而根据该操作模式改变气候。箭头34表示所选操作模式。
一种被广泛使用的用于探测移动的已知技术是霍尔效应传感器(Hall-effect sensor)。技术基础是霍尔效应传感器探测磁场的改变。在轿车内，旋转轴被附加有永磁体。传感器被置于轴的临近处并且感知轴的角度。然后，一种点火控制***使用此信息而控制点火时间。
图6所示为使用用于完成在盖18上的用户接口23的功能的霍尔效应传感器36的气候控制***的实施例。所述传感器被安装在储藏箱11的下部并且与控制单元20相联接。所述装置与使用RFID的实施例相似(图2)。在五个操作模式中的每个操作模式下面均布置有一个传感器(图2)。如前所述，这些操作模式中的每个操作模式均与一个气候参数值的确定设置相对应。仍然如前所述，具有一个包括滑动框架33的机构，见图4，它支持指示被选操作模式的移动部件32。这对于基于霍尔效应的***是非常适宜的。在移动部件上附加的永磁体37将提供使用霍尔效应传感器探测移动部件位置的选择。此后，控制单元将探测已选的操作模式。应该理解使用更少的传感器也是可行的。
另一个用于探测移动的已知的技术是电容式传感器技术。技术基础是探测电容变化的传感器电路是测量电路。电容可能被许多因素影响，例如导电材料制成的移动的物体。一个例子是电梯门的打开机构。如果电容传感器电路天线被置于门的边缘，所述机构能够探测(如果周围金属部件的影响可以被***忽略)人体部位是否位于靠近门的位置。因此，可以避免门夹到人。
图7所示为使用用于完成在盖18上的用户接口23的功能的电容式传感器的气候控制***的实施例。具有一个位于五个图形符号(图2)中的每个图形符号处的电极39。如前所述，这些操作模式中的每个操作模式与一个气候参数值的确定设置相对应。所述电极从盖18延伸到抽屉的底部，盖子是所述抽屉的一部分。电容式传感器电路39被置于储藏箱11的下部并且与控制单元20(没有示出)相联接。所述装置与使用RFID的实施例(图2)是相似的。电容式传感器电路将探测每个电容的变化，这些变化是由对电极的影响所导致的。例如，如果抽屉打开，这一状态将会被探测到。
功能是这样的。当用户把他的手指靠近一个在盖18上的操作模式时，传感器电路将探测到布置在这个特定的操作模式处的电极在电容上的一个显著的变化。可能周围电极也会被影响到，但是这种影响是很微弱的。这将指示控制单元20以与这个特定的操作模式相对应的方式操纵气候控制***。控制单元能够从其他影响中识别出用户的影响是很重要的。因此，需要一些算法和一些在机构细节上的工作。
与在气候控制***上进行无线控制的上述技术相比，对应于***的操作模式，在用户接口23上监视储藏箱状况是非常重要的。因为在盖18上没有电源，所以需要为此找到一种无源技术。找到的合适的技术是热致变色(thermochromic)材料。被涂敷的热致变色材料在特定温度下能够改变颜色。例如，在某个温度区间内它会变为红色。超出这一温度区间它会是无色的。
此方案的想法是把热致变色材料和无线气候控制相结合。在每个图形符号(图3)处都应用有一片涂敷的热致变色材料。这些片热致变色材料以不同的方式(a，b，c，d)被涂敷，例如如下所示的方式(这里为四个操作模式)：
温度(℃)      -6℃      0-3℃     0+3℃     3+6℃
  湿度(％)     10     65-75     85-95     65-75
  食品类型     a     b     c     d
a)鲜肉 c)新鲜蔬菜
b)鲜鱼 d)牛奶，奶制品
当用户选择一种操作模式(对应于一种特定的气候设置)的符号时，无线气候控制***能够识别此选择并随之运行合适的冷却循环。当储藏箱到达所述气候设置的温度区间时，应用于用户接口上的所述图形符号处的热致变色标签改变颜色。优选的，每个被涂敷的热致变色材料片具有独特的颜色。用户因此获得反馈，即储藏箱17内的气候符合所选的操作模式。
使用在用户接口23和控制单元20之间的无线连接具有显著的优势，尤其在如果用户接口被置于移动部件上时，例如盖子上。使用有线连接会在连接线上产生机械压力。而且，用户将不能以方便的方式从储藏箱处移开抽屉并清洗它。使用主要是机械的解决方案也意味着将会使延长储藏箱的使用寿命变得更容易。

Claims (12)

1.一种具有储藏箱(11)的装置，所述储藏箱有用于进入储藏箱(11)内的开口(17)，为了封闭所述储藏箱(11)而设置有用于覆盖所述开口(17)的盖子(18)，设置有用于控制储藏箱(11)内部气候的气候控制***，所述***包括用于控制和调节储藏箱(11)的气候参数的控制单元(20)，所述***还包括用于检测参数的装置(21，22)和实现调整的气候设备(14，15)，所述***还包括使用户能够选择用于所述***的操作模式的用户接口(23)，所述用户接口被置于所述盖子(18)上并且具有有限数量的可选操作模式(25-29)，每个所述操作模式(25-29)对应一组确定的气候参数值并且通过在所述用户接口(23)上的图形符号表示出来，其特征在于：至少一个信号传输设备被置于用户接口上，所述设备以无线的方式与控制单元通信。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于：所述信号传输设备包括电子电路，当被控制单元(20)驱动时，所述电子电路通过天线(24)传输携带有将被控制单元(20)接收的数字码(35)的射频信号(31)，所述电路被电场和/或磁场以无线方式驱动。
3.根据权利要求2所述的装置，其特征在于：每个操作模式对应一个单独的被置于每个符号临近处并且能够通过射频信号(31)传输独特的数字码(35)的电子电路(25-29)，其中控制单元(20)基于所接收到的数字码(35)检测所选的操作模式。
4.根据权利要求2-3中的任一个权利要求所述的装置，其特征在于：操作模式的选择是通过具有可移动的部件(32)的机构来完成的，所述可移动部件能够移动从而指示所选的图形符号，所述机构还包括被置于可移动部件(32)上的屏蔽装置(32)，所述屏蔽装置用于屏蔽来自被置于所选符号临近处的电子电路的射频信号(31)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于：所述信号传输设备包括可移动的永磁体。
6.根据权利要求5所述的装置，其特征在于：至少布置有一个霍尔效应传感器(36)用于以无线的方式检测永磁体的移动。
7.根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于：每个操作模式对应一个布置在它所对应的图形符号附近的单独的霍尔效应传感器(36)，永磁体被置于具有可移动部件(32)的机构上，所述可移动部件能够移动并指示所选的符号，控制单元(20)基于可移动部件(32)的位置检测所选的操作模式。
8.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于：所述信号传输装置包括电导体电极(39)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的装置，其特征在于：布置有电容式传感电路(38)用于以无线的方式检测用户所选的操作模式。
10.根据权利要求8-9中任一个权利要求所述的装置，其特征在于：每个操作模式对应一个被置于它所对应的图形符号附近的单独的电极(39)，当用户把身体部位放置在所述符号附近时，电容式传感电路和控制单元(20)检测电容的变化，并且因而检测所选的操作模式。
11.根据前述权利要求中的任一个权利要求所述的装置，其特征在于：一片物质或材料被应用于每个所述图形符号处，当受温度变化影响时，所述物质或材料改变其特性，所述特性可以被用户可视的感知到。
12.根据权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于：所述物质或材料是热致变色材料，每个所应用的所述物质或材料片具有可以可视地指示出何时所述储藏箱(11)内的气候符合对应的一种操作模式的特性。
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