CN100573183C - Full-automatic calibration method of direct-reading instrument and device - Google Patents
Full-automatic calibration method of direct-reading instrument and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN100573183C CN100573183C CNB2006100572449A CN200610057244A CN100573183C CN 100573183 C CN100573183 C CN 100573183C CN B2006100572449 A CNB2006100572449 A CN B2006100572449A CN 200610057244 A CN200610057244 A CN 200610057244A CN 100573183 C CN100573183 C CN 100573183C
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Abstract
The invention discloses full-automatic calibration method of a kind of direct-reading instrument and device, this method utilization theory on computer vision, the information processing technology, digital waveform synthetic technology and intelligence instrument design concept, solve the key issue of being examined and determine the automatic interpretation of instrument registration in the instrument calibration, proposed a kind of point that parameter adopted-camber line projection extreme detection of calculating instrument reticule and pointer; Revise the instrument indication value correction algorithm of the fixed view that indicating value adopted of instrument, eliminate because the reading error that the visual angle deviation produces.Designed a kind of calibrating installation for this method of utilization, realized that the electric measuring instrument indicating value reads, the robotization of the control of programmed criteria source, error analysis and verification result output, this method is applicable to the calibrating of all kinds of electric measuring instruments.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the measurement instrument technical field, particularly the calibration method of electric measuring instrument and device.
Background technology
Instrument calibration is the work that accuracy requirement is very high, at present, the calibration method of direct-reading meter can be divided into two classes, and a class is " method of standard table ", it adopts the reading that manually reads standard scale and shown by the calibrating instrument, and the moving power supply of regulating calibration usefulness of armrest is constantly adjusted range; This method because instrument range is many, the scale label characteristic is different, in the calibrating by eye stare at, hand adjustment, written notes, people's calculation, not only labour intensity is big, inefficiency, the error of verification result is subjected to the factor of man's activity bigger.Second class is with " with source inspection table " replacement " with table inspection table " (method of standard table), utilize standard source alternate standard table as standard verification, this calibration method is divided into semi-automatic and full-automatic dual mode again: in " semi-automatic instrument check ", employing is examined and determine by the program control source of Microcomputerized standard, artificial reading, and its result will be subjected to the influence of artificial reading equally.In adopting " the full-automatic verification of the ammeter " device of " photo-electric recognition system ", require " photoelectric commutator " and instrument dial plate, pointer relative position accurate, not so can cause than mistake, machinery moves the complex operations of " photoelectric commutator " simultaneously, increase device Operation and maintenance workload, also reduced the reliability of system; " photoelectricity is known the type system " fundamentally do not solve the difficult problem of gauge pointer and scale label identification yet, can't accomplish full-automatic verification truly yet.Full-automatic calibration method and device that the present invention adopts have solved the technical matters of preceding two class methods existence, for the calibrating of instrument provides new method and apparatus.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide full-automatic calibration method of a kind of direct-reading instrument and device.By utilization theory on computer vision, information processing and computing technique, digital waveform synthetic technology and intelligence instrument design concept, solve a difficult problem of being examined and determine the automatic interpretation of instrument registration the most key in the instrument calibration, adopted a kind ofly, realized the method for full-automatic instrument calibration with the calibrating control center of computing machine as calibrating installation; A kind of device that uses this method to carry out instrument calibration is provided, has realized automatic Verification direct-reading instrument.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by following method and technical scheme: calculate by the parameter of the reticule of calibrating instrument and pointer and adopt point-camber line projection extreme detection, this method goes out its axis of rotation by two pointer The Fitting Calculation in the difference image earlier, with this axle center is true origin, horizontal direction is a datum line, forms coordinate system; With each the black pixel on the reticule in the meter diagram picture, radially projecting to radius is on one section circular arc of R (being a bit larger tham pointer length), is made of the extended line and the crossing intersection point that obtains of camber line of straight line initial point and pixel; Total projection intensity is by S (θ)=K ∑ g on the circular arc
i(θ) calculate, find each maximum point of S on the camber line (θ), limit the magnitude range of its effective amplitude, can determine corresponding θ, obtain the reticule parametric equation by extreme point and initial point.Correction is verified the indicating value of instrument, adopts the instrument indication value correction algorithm of fixed view, eliminates because the reading error that the visual angle deviation produces.
The structure of a kind of combined type direct-reading instrument calibrating installation that designs in order to realize said method is: device is made of combination of components, and the support case 16 and the supporting leg 17 of device are supporting platen 15, and supporting leg 17 is fixed on the platen 15; A table meter support bar 20 and a universal adjusting lever 23 are housed on the platen 15.Table meter support bar 20 is installed on the special nut 21 of a scalable self apart from platform space of a whole page length, and a table meter deck 18 is equipped with in the upper end of table meter support bar 20, on the table meter deck 18 a standard masterplate 19 is housed; A video camera 13 and lighting source 12 are housed on universal adjusting lever 23.
Calibration method of the present invention and device owing to adopted full-automatic method to carry out instrument calibration, have solved the problem of " method of standard table " and " standard source inspection table method " two class methods existence, for the calibrating of instrument provides new method and apparatus.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the inventive method and device are described further.
The full-automatic calibration method theory of constitution of Fig. 1 direct-reading instrument block diagram.
1 is that display, 2 databases, 3 network communication interfaces, 4 computing machines, 5 printers, 6 keyboards, 7 communication interfaces, 8 image pick-up cards, 9 programmed criteria current sources, 10 programmed criteria voltage sources, 11 stube cables, 12 lighting sources, 13 video cameras, 14 are by the calibrating instrument in the drawings.
The full-automatic calibrating installation structural drawing of Fig. 2 direct-reading instrument.
15 is that platen, 16 supports case, 17 supporting legs, 18 table meter decks, 19 standard masterplates, 20 support bars, 21 nuts, 22 bolts, 23 universal adjusting levers in the drawings.
The full-automatic calibration method program circuit of Fig. 3 direct-reading instrument sketch.
The Geometric corrections Model Calculation figure that Fig. 4 instrument registration reads.
Embodiment:
Further specify the full-automatic calibration method of direct-reading instrument below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 3: this method is with the calibrating control center of computing machine 4 as calibrating installation, flow process by Fig. 3 is examined and determine instrument, at first will be to the computing machine input by the type of calibrating instrument, computing machine is inquired about by the relevant information of calibrating instrument in database according to meter type.Second step, adjust video camera 13 and the position of being examined and determine instrument 14, gather the image of standard form 19, the inside and outside parameter of calibrating camera.The 3rd step began to examine and determine instrument, control measurement standard current source 9, standard voltage source 10 outputting standard electric weight, and size is consistent with the specific reticule of being examined and determine instrument, and excitation is deflected by the requirement of calibrating instrument 14 by vertification regulation.The 4th step, after measurement standard current source 9, standard voltage source 10 reach stable output, gather by the video image of calibrating instrument 14 by video camera 13, computing machine carries out pre-service to the image of gathering, then pointer, reticule and dial plate symbol are discerned, calculate the parameter of reticule and pointer, revise by the indicating value of calibrating instrument 14.The 5th step, send instructions for measurement standard current source 9, standard voltage source 10, the standard volume of the next calibrating of output repeated for the 3rd step and the 4th step later on.In verification process, the indicating value that needs to drive by calibrating instrument 14 is incremented to value completely partially by null value gradually by scale, and then be decremented to two processes of null value gradually by full inclined to one side value, each process all is output as exact value with measurement standard current source 9, standard voltage source 10, with the indicating value by the calibrating instrument after the computer picture recognition is the actual detected value, the mean value of the differences of two values is as the absolute error value of this reticule, and deposits this numerical value in database 2.The 6th step, determine by the maximum absolute error in all scale ranges of calibrating instrument, calculate maximum fiducial error, judge by the error of calibrating instrument whether meet its class of accuracy, deposit database 2 and printout calibrating conclusion in according to national standard.
In the verification process, to pointer, reticule and dial plate Symbol recognition, regard the dial plate element as the particle target, the length of having extracted particle target in the image is than, compactedness and simply spend three characteristic quantities.Length specific factor L
r: the maximum intercept M of particle
mWith vertical mean intercept M
pRatio, that is: L
r=M
m/ M
p, compactedness factor T
r: the particle area A
pWith circumscribed rectangular area A
rRatio, that is: T
r=A
p/ A
r, simply spend factor S
r: the particle area A
pDivided by particle girth A
c, that is: S
r=A
p/ A
cTo adopting three layers of radial basis function neural network identification dial plate element behind each rubidium marking.
This method invention is to the effect that: the parameter of calculating reticule and pointer adopts point-camber line projection extreme detection, and this method can be discerned the direct-reading meter of the even and non-uniform Distribution of scale; Point-camber line projection extreme detection principle is as follows:
Simulate its axis of rotation by two pointers in the difference image, with this axle center is true origin, horizontal direction is a datum line, with each the black pixel on the reticule in the meter diagram picture, radially projecting to radius is on one section circular arc of R (being a bit larger tham pointer length), can constitute the extended line of straight line and camber line by initial point and pixel and intersect and obtain intersection point, get g
i(θ) be on the circular arc with the crossing frequency of datum line angle theta intersection point.Total projection intensity is by S (θ)=K ∑ g on circular arc
i(θ) calculate, wherein K be the weight coefficient relevant with illumination, and the straight line of the θ intersection point formation that is initial point to the circular arc and the angle of datum line are (with g
i(θ) identical).The size of S (θ) can be reacted the distribution and the length of reticule.Find each maximum point of S on the camber line (θ), limit the magnitude range of its effective amplitude, can determine corresponding θ, obtain the reticule parametric equation by extreme point and initial point.
Another method is that correction is verified the indicating value of instrument, adopts the instrument indication value correction algorithm of fixed view, is used for eliminating because the reading error that the visual angle deviation produces satisfies instrument and reads the requirement of criterion to the dynamic moving view point of verification process; The instrument indication value correction algorithm principle of fixed view is as follows: referring to the Geometric corrections Model Calculation figure that Fig. 4 instrument registration reads, pointer plane of living in, dial plane and imaging plane O
1XY is parallel mutually, after the pin-hole model imaging routinely, since the existence of distance D between pointer plane and the dial plane, the most advanced and sophisticated P of pointer
2Point is at picture plane O
1The XY subpoint is P
u(x
u, y
u), and the Pu point that the point of the P on the dial is also superposeing as the projection on the plane.According to the rule that reads instrument, P
2The point should with its vertical projection P on the dial plane
1The point comparison draws registration, and should not be the P point, obviously has reading error in imaging process.This is in fact owing to the different institutes with the zoom factor of dial imaging on the same plane of delineation of pointer cause.The present invention propose to utilize P1 point again on imaging plane projection calculate actual instrument registration, avoided the difficult problem of moving view point in the verification process (mechanical moving view point speed is slow, need demarcate coordinate again, and can cause the reliability reduction).(this moment, dial was fixed along with the variation of importing standard volume, pointer produces motion), the mapping relations of " the instrument indication value correction algorithm of fixed view " reconstruct each point, " fictionalizing " Pu1 (xu1, yu1) point (Pu1 does not exist during imaging) corresponding pointer tip on the picture plane.
Can get triangle O by geometric relationship
cPP
1And O
cP
uP
U1, and O
cP
uO
1And P
2PP
1Be similar triangles,, can find the P of image so adopt fixed view to come the reconstruct composograph
U1The point.
By
Obtain
Wherein f, H are respectively focal length and the object distance that the specific embodiment of the invention calibrated in second step.As O
1P
uCan be by the most advanced and sophisticated imaging point coordinate of pointer on the picture plane
Try to achieve, each amount substitution formula can be obtained P
U1Coordinate, thus determine the revised parametric equation of pointer, can obtain the reticule equation by the image of instrument dial, be correction reading after the two comparison in viewpoint instrument fixedly the time, satisfy the requirement of meter reading criterion.
In order to be carried out the management of life-cycle to examining and determine instrument, in database, set up the calibrating information of instrument total life cycle has been set up administer archive, the calibrating archives comprise historical calibrating data and instrument appearance images, can store, inquire about and manage the calibrating archives in the calibration operation implementation process automatically.
Fig. 2 is the combined type direct-reading instrument calibrating installation that designs in order to realize the full-automatic calibration method of direct-reading instrument, apparatus features is to be made of combination of components, the support case 16 and the supporting leg 17 of device are supporting platen 15, and supporting leg 17 is fixed on the platen 15, and supporting leg 17 can carry out the folding of 90 degree.A table meter support bar 20 and a universal adjusting lever 23 are housed on platen 15.The table meter support bar 20 of device can be transferred apart from the length of platen table top, and it is adjusted by the special nut 21 that is installed in the platen table top, finally reaches the purpose of adjustment form meter deck 18 height.In the upper end of table meter support bar 20 a table meter deck 18 is installed, is used for fixing, on the table meter deck 18 a standard masterplate 19 is housed, for the image of camera acquisition standard, the inside and outside parameter of calibrating camera are used by the calibrating instrument.
Correspondence position at table meter support bar 20, be provided with a universal adjusting lever 23, a video camera 13 and lighting source 12 are housed on universal adjusting lever 23, lighting source provides sufficient light for the calibrating instrument, universal adjusting lever 23 can be adjusted position and direction for video camera, and universal adjusting lever is fixed on the platen 15 by a bolt 22.Special nut 21 requires with the installing and locating of bolt 22: special nut 21 will be positioned on the straight line parallel with the edge of table of platen 15 with bolt 22.
Other utility appliance of combined type direct-reading instrument calibrating installation can be located differently, and database 2, programmed criteria current source 9, standard voltage source 10 can be located at and support in the case 16, and graphoscope, keyboard etc. can be placed on the platen.
Implement this method and make this device, all adopt device, accessory and the equipment of state specified standards as far as possible, do not elaborate at this.
Claims (6)
1, the full-automatic calibration method of a kind of direct-reading instrument, with the control center of computing machine as calibrating installation, at first control criterion source output, by the camera acquisition image, its calibration method is characterised in that: calculate by the parameter of the reticule of calibrating instrument and pointer and adopt point-camber line projection extreme detection, this method goes out its axis of rotation by two pointer The Fitting Calculation in the difference image earlier, is true origin with this axle center, horizontal direction is a datum line, forms coordinate system; With each the black pixel on the reticule in the meter diagram picture, radially projecting to radius is on one section circular arc of R (being a bit larger tham pointer length), is made of the extended line and the crossing intersection point that obtains of camber line of straight line initial point and pixel; Total projection intensity is by S (θ)=K ∑ g on the circular arc
i(θ) calculate, find each maximum point of S on the camber line (θ), limit the magnitude range of its effective amplitude, can determine corresponding θ, obtain the reticule parametric equation by extreme point and initial point.
2, the full-automatic calibration method of direct-reading instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: revise by the indicating value of calibrating instrument, adopt the instrument indication value correction algorithm of fixed view, eliminate because the reading error that the visual angle deviation produces.
3, a kind of combined type direct-reading instrument calibrating installation for realizing that the described method of claim 1 designs, it is characterized in that: device is made of combination of components, the support case (16) and the supporting leg (17) of device are supporting platen (15), and supporting leg (17) is fixed on the platen (15); A table meter support bar (20) and a universal adjusting lever (23) are housed on the platen (15).
4, combined type direct-reading instrument calibrating installation according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: table meter support bar (20) is installed on the special nut (21) of a scalable self apart from bedplate surface length, a table meter deck (18) is equipped with in the upper end of table meter support bar (20), on the table meter deck (18) a standard masterplate (19) is housed.
5, combined type direct-reading instrument calibrating installation according to claim 3 is characterized in that: on universal adjusting lever (23), a video camera (13) and lighting source (12) are housed.
6, combined type direct-reading instrument calibrating installation according to claim 3 is characterized in that: special nut (21) is installed on the straight line parallel with the edge of table of platen (15) with bolt (22).
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| CNB2006100572449A CN100573183C (en) | 2006-03-09 | 2006-03-09 | Full-automatic calibration method of direct-reading instrument and device |
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| CNB2006100572449A CN100573183C (en) | 2006-03-09 | 2006-03-09 | Full-automatic calibration method of direct-reading instrument and device |
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| CN100573183C true CN100573183C (en) | 2009-12-23 |
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