CN100445654C - Air Conditioning Cooling Capacity Adaptive Energy Saving Control System - Google Patents
Air Conditioning Cooling Capacity Adaptive Energy Saving Control System Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种空调冷量自适应节能控制***，包括PLC可编程模糊处理器、若干组风机、若干组温湿度传感器，还包括若干个通过PLC通讯模块与PLC连接的温湿度数据处理器，其数量与温湿度传感器的组数对应；若干个与PLC连接的变频单元，其数量与风机的组数对应，一个变频单元控制一组风机。所述的温湿度数据处理器对温湿度信号进行比较处理和模数转换后，再传送至PLC可编程模糊处理器；PLC根据温湿度信号计算出最佳的空调运行参数，并向变频单元发出指令，由变频单元控制风机的开启及其制冷量。
The invention discloses an self-adaptive energy-saving control system for cooling capacity of an air conditioner, which includes a PLC programmable fuzzy processor, several groups of fans, several groups of temperature and humidity sensors, and several temperature and humidity data processors connected to the PLC through a PLC communication module , the number of which corresponds to the number of groups of temperature and humidity sensors; several frequency conversion units connected to the PLC, the number of which corresponds to the number of groups of fans, and one frequency conversion unit controls a group of fans. The temperature and humidity data processor performs comparison processing and analog-to-digital conversion on the temperature and humidity signals, and then transmits them to the PLC programmable fuzzy processor; the PLC calculates the best air-conditioning operating parameters according to the temperature and humidity signals, and sends them to the frequency conversion unit. command, the frequency conversion unit controls the opening of the fan and its cooling capacity.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及空调控制领域，尤其涉及一种空调冷量自适应节能控制***。The invention relates to the field of air-conditioning control, in particular to an air-conditioning cooling capacity self-adaptive energy-saving control system.
背景技术Background technique
现有的机房***普遍是根据空调机组设备回风口的温度参考值，通过手动的方式来设定压缩机的工作状态、修改空调的运行参数的。然而，空调机组设备回风口的气流温度并不能准确代表每个交换机柜架的环境温度，两者往往都会有很大的偏差。另外一方面，用手动的方式修改空调的运行参数不但麻烦，而且很明显地空调的工作状态变化总会滞后于机房内的实际温湿度变化，致使室内的温湿度不能平稳地维持在某一设定的理想值。Existing machine room systems generally set the working state of the compressor and modify the operating parameters of the air conditioner manually based on the temperature reference value of the return air outlet of the air conditioner unit. However, the airflow temperature at the return air outlet of the air conditioning unit equipment cannot accurately represent the ambient temperature of each switch rack, and there is often a large deviation between the two. On the other hand, it is not only cumbersome to manually modify the operating parameters of the air conditioner, but also the change of the working state of the air conditioner will always lag behind the actual temperature and humidity changes in the computer room, so that the indoor temperature and humidity cannot be maintained stably at a certain setting. set ideal value.
为解决上述问题，目前有人提出采用对温度敏感的装置来检测机房的环境温度，并用相应的微处理器等信号处理单元对检测到的环境温度信号进行处理，然后再由微处理器发出指令修改空调的运行参数。这类技术在对空调运行参数修改的实时性和准确性上确实高于手动调节的方式，但是仍然存在不足：对机房内温湿度采集点的数量太少，致使所采集的信号不能全面真实地反映机房的温湿度；所采集的温湿度信号不经过前期的处理而直接输入至微处理器，给微处理器的工作带来较大的负担。In order to solve the above problems, some people propose to use a temperature-sensitive device to detect the ambient temperature of the computer room, and use a corresponding signal processing unit such as a microprocessor to process the detected ambient temperature signal, and then the microprocessor issues instructions to modify the temperature. Operating parameters of the air conditioner. This type of technology is indeed higher than the manual adjustment method in terms of real-time and accuracy in modifying the operating parameters of the air conditioner, but there are still shortcomings: the number of temperature and humidity collection points in the computer room is too small, so that the collected signals cannot be comprehensive and true. Reflect the temperature and humidity of the computer room; the collected temperature and humidity signals are directly input to the microprocessor without previous processing, which brings a greater burden to the work of the microprocessor.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术的不足，本发明旨在提供一种空调冷量自适应节能控制***，该***在室内设置多个温湿度采集点，温湿度信号经前期处理后再输至PLC可编程模糊处理器作进一步的处理，PLC发出相应的控制指令调节空调的冷冻风量。Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an adaptive energy-saving control system for air-conditioning cooling capacity. The system sets multiple temperature and humidity collection points indoors, and the temperature and humidity signals are sent to the PLC for programmable fuzzy processing after pre-processing. For further processing, the PLC sends corresponding control commands to adjust the cooling air volume of the air conditioner.
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：一种空调冷量自适应节能控制***，包括PLC可编程模糊处理器、若干组风机、若干组温湿度传感器，其特征在于还包括：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a self-adaptive energy-saving control system for air-conditioning cooling capacity, including a PLC programmable fuzzy processor, several groups of fans, and several groups of temperature and humidity sensors, and is characterized in that it also includes:
若干个通过PLC通讯模块与PLC可编程模糊处理器连接的温湿度数据处理器，其数量与温湿度传感器的组数对应，一个温湿度数据处理器处理一组温湿度传感器采集的信号；A number of temperature and humidity data processors connected to the PLC programmable fuzzy processor through the PLC communication module, the number of which corresponds to the number of groups of temperature and humidity sensors, and one temperature and humidity data processor processes the signals collected by a group of temperature and humidity sensors;
若干个与PLC可编程模糊处理器连接的变频单元，其数量与风机的组数对应，一个变频单元控制一组风机；A number of frequency conversion units connected to the PLC programmable fuzzy processor, the number of which corresponds to the number of groups of fans, and one frequency conversion unit controls a group of fans;
所述的温湿度数据处理器对温湿度信号进行比较处理和模数转换后，再传送至PLC可编程模糊处理器；PLC可编程模糊处理器根据各个温湿度数据处理器上传的温湿度信号计算出最佳的空调运行参数，并向变频单元发出指令，由变频单元控制风机的开启及其制冷量。The temperature and humidity data processor compares the temperature and humidity signals with analog-to-digital conversion, and then transmits them to the PLC programmable fuzzy processor; the PLC programmable fuzzy processor calculates the temperature and humidity signals according to the temperature and humidity signals uploaded by each temperature and humidity data processor. Find out the best air conditioner operating parameters, and send instructions to the frequency conversion unit, and the frequency conversion unit controls the opening of the fan and its cooling capacity.
上述的温湿度数据处理器包括依次连接的信号比较单元、A/D转换单元、中央处理器、RS485通讯模块，其中信号比较单元与温湿度传感器连接，RS485通讯模块与PLC可编程模糊处理器连接。The above-mentioned temperature and humidity data processor includes a signal comparison unit, an A/D conversion unit, a central processing unit, and an RS485 communication module connected in sequence, wherein the signal comparison unit is connected with a temperature and humidity sensor, and the RS485 communication module is connected with a PLC programmable fuzzy processor .
上述的温湿度数据处理器还包括与中央处理器连接的LED显示单元。The above-mentioned temperature and humidity data processor also includes an LED display unit connected to the central processing unit.
上述的温湿度数据处理器还包括与中央处理器连接的报警单元。The above-mentioned temperature and humidity data processor also includes an alarm unit connected with the central processing unit.
上述的变频单元包括依次连接的断路器、电抗器、电源接触器、输入滤波器、变频器、输出滤波器、与风机连接的输出接触器，其中电源接触器、变频器、输出接触器分别与PLC数字量模块连接，变频器还与PLC通讯模块、PLC模拟量模块连接。The above-mentioned frequency conversion unit includes a circuit breaker, a reactor, a power contactor, an input filter, a frequency converter, an output filter, and an output contactor connected to a fan in sequence, wherein the power contactor, the frequency converter, and the output contactor are respectively connected to The PLC digital module is connected, and the inverter is also connected with the PLC communication module and the PLC analog module.
上述的空调冷量自适应节能控制***还包括机房监控主机，该机房监控主机通过RS232接口与PLC可编程模糊处理器通信，并通过空调通讯模块与空调主机连接。The above-mentioned air-conditioning cooling capacity adaptive energy-saving control system also includes a machine room monitoring host, which communicates with the PLC programmable fuzzy processor through the RS232 interface, and is connected with the air-conditioning host through the air-conditioning communication module.
本发明与现有技术相比，在机房内设置多个温湿度传感器，所采集的温湿度信号能全面真实地反映机房的温湿度环境；温湿度信号经过前期处理后再输入PLC可编程模糊处理器，不但减轻了PLC的工作负担，加快了PLC对空调运行参数的实时控制调节，还大大地简化了PLC处理器程序的编写；PLC根据采集的温湿度等环境参数，可计算出空调机组运行的最佳参数，实时地修改风机的开启台数及冷冻风量，从而使空调始终处于最佳工作状态，有效地节约了能源。Compared with the prior art, the present invention sets multiple temperature and humidity sensors in the machine room, and the collected temperature and humidity signals can fully and truly reflect the temperature and humidity environment of the machine room; the temperature and humidity signals are input to PLC programmable fuzzy processing after pre-processing It not only reduces the workload of the PLC, speeds up the real-time control and adjustment of the PLC to the operating parameters of the air conditioner, but also greatly simplifies the programming of the PLC processor program; the PLC can calculate the operating conditions of the air conditioner unit based on the collected environmental parameters such as temperature and humidity. The optimal parameters of the air conditioner can be modified in real time to open the number of fans and the cooling air volume, so that the air conditioner is always in the best working condition and effectively saves energy.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的***结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention;
图2为本发明温湿度数据处理器结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the temperature and humidity data processor of the present invention;
图3为本发明变频单元结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the frequency conversion unit of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面以三组温湿度传感器、每组含3个温湿度传感器，两组风机、每组含3台风机，三台空调主机为例，进一步说明本发明：Taking three groups of temperature and humidity sensors, each group containing 3 temperature and humidity sensors, two groups of fans, each group containing 3 fans, and three air-conditioning hosts as examples, further illustrate the present invention:
如图1所示，第一至第三温湿度传感器与第一温湿度数据处理器连接，第四至第六温湿度传感器与第二温湿度数据处理器连接，第七至第九温湿度传感器与第三温湿度数据处理器连接，第一、第二、第三温湿度数据处理器分别通过第一、第二、第三PLC通讯模块与PLC可编程模糊处理器连接。而第一至第三风机与第一变频单元连接，第四至第六风机与第二变频单元连接，第一变频单元通过第六PLC通讯模块、第一PLC数字量模块、第一PLC模拟量模块与PLC可编程模糊处理器通信，第二变频单元通过第七PLC通讯模块、第二PLC数字量模块、第二PLC模拟量模块与PLC可编程模糊处理器通信。机房监控主机通过第一RS232接口与PLC可编程模糊处理器通信，并通过第一至第三空调通讯模块与第一至第三空调主机连接。此外，在空调***电源输入侧还设有电力监控模块，它通过第五PLC通讯模块与PLC可编程模糊处理器连接；安装于空调服务对象机房最远末端的风压传感器通过第四PLC通讯模块与PLC可编程模糊处理器连接，用于检测机房最远末端的风压值信号。用户还可以通过连接于PLC可编程模糊处理器的第二RS232接口的文本操作面板，输入空调的运行参数。As shown in Figure 1, the first to third temperature and humidity sensors are connected to the first temperature and humidity data processor, the fourth to sixth temperature and humidity sensors are connected to the second temperature and humidity data processor, and the seventh to ninth temperature and humidity sensors It is connected with the third temperature and humidity data processor, and the first, second and third temperature and humidity data processors are respectively connected with the PLC programmable fuzzy processor through the first, second and third PLC communication modules. The first to third fans are connected to the first frequency conversion unit, the fourth to sixth fans are connected to the second frequency conversion unit, and the first frequency conversion unit passes through the sixth PLC communication module, the first PLC digital module, and the first PLC analog The module communicates with the PLC programmable fuzzy processor, and the second frequency conversion unit communicates with the PLC programmable fuzzy processor through the seventh PLC communication module, the second PLC digital module, and the second PLC analog module. The computer room monitoring host communicates with the PLC programmable fuzzy processor through the first RS232 interface, and connects with the first to third air conditioner hosts through the first to third air conditioner communication modules. In addition, there is also a power monitoring module on the power input side of the air-conditioning system, which is connected to the PLC programmable fuzzy processor through the fifth PLC communication module; the wind pressure sensor installed at the farthest end of the air-conditioning service object machine room is connected through the fourth PLC communication module It is connected with the PLC programmable fuzzy processor to detect the wind pressure value signal at the farthest end of the machine room. The user can also input the operating parameters of the air conditioner through the text operation panel connected to the second RS232 interface of the PLC programmable fuzzy processor.
如图2所示，温湿度数据处理器包括依次连接的信号比较单元、A/D转换单元、中央处理器、RS485通讯模块，通过信号比较单元与同一组的温湿度传感器连接，而RS485通讯模块则实现温湿度数据处理器与PLC可编程模糊处理器之间的通信。此外，中央处理器还与LED显示单元、报警单元连接。温湿度数据处理器各单元模块的工作电源均由隔离型供电单元提供，隔离型供电单元采用光电隔离技术，减少了外部干扰。As shown in Figure 2, the temperature and humidity data processor includes a signal comparison unit, an A/D conversion unit, a central processing unit, and an RS485 communication module connected in sequence. The signal comparison unit is connected to the same group of temperature and humidity sensors, and the RS485 communication module Then realize the communication between the temperature and humidity data processor and the PLC programmable fuzzy processor. In addition, the central processing unit is also connected with the LED display unit and the alarm unit. The operating power of each unit module of the temperature and humidity data processor is provided by an isolated power supply unit, which uses photoelectric isolation technology to reduce external interference.
如图3所示，变频单元包括依次连接的断路器、电抗器、电源接触器、输入滤波器、变频器、输出滤波器、与风机连接的输出接触器，在本实施例中，共有三个输出接触器与三台风机一一对应。其中电源接触器、变频器、输出接触器分别与PLC数字量模块连接，用于接收PLC可编程模糊处理器发出的逻辑控制指令；变频器还与PLC通讯模块、PLC模拟量模块连接，从而与PLC可编程模糊处理器进行通信，上传或下传风机的运行参数。由于交流电源与变频器之间的距离比较远，传输线路的分布电感和分布电容均不可忽略，所以在变频单元的断路器与输入接触器之间串接一个电抗器，从而减少输入电压、输入电流中的高次谐波分量；在变频器的输入端和输出端各设置一个滤波器，是用于滤出电路中的高次谐波分量。As shown in Figure 3, the frequency conversion unit includes a circuit breaker, a reactor, a power contactor, an input filter, a frequency converter, an output filter, and an output contactor connected to a fan connected in sequence. In this embodiment, there are three The output contactor corresponds to the three fans one by one. Among them, the power contactor, frequency converter, and output contactor are respectively connected with the PLC digital module to receive the logic control instructions issued by the PLC programmable fuzzy processor; the frequency converter is also connected with the PLC communication module and the PLC analog module, so as to communicate with the PLC programmable fuzzy processor communicates, uploads or downloads the operating parameters of the fan. Since the distance between the AC power supply and the frequency converter is relatively long, the distributed inductance and distributed capacitance of the transmission line cannot be ignored, so a reactor is connected in series between the circuit breaker of the frequency conversion unit and the input contactor, thereby reducing the input voltage and input voltage. High-order harmonic components in the current; a filter is installed at the input end and output end of the frequency converter, which is used to filter out the high-order harmonic components in the circuit.
本发明的工作过程如下：Working process of the present invention is as follows:
(1).由温湿度传感器采集机房环境的温湿度信号，同一组的温湿度传感器将信号输送至同一个温湿度数据处理器，由比较单元对一组温湿度信号进行比较，比较单元将输出最大的温湿度信号至A/D转换单元进行模拟数字转换，转换成数字格式的温湿度信号将输入至中央处理器，再通过RS485通讯模块上传至PLC可编程模糊处理器的存储器中。同时，中央处理器还通过LED显示单元，告知用于温湿度传感器是否正常工作；当温湿度数据处理器出现故障或者温湿度信号的值偏高时，中央处理器通过报警单元发出警告信号。(1). The temperature and humidity signals of the computer room environment are collected by the temperature and humidity sensors. The temperature and humidity sensors of the same group send the signals to the same temperature and humidity data processor. The comparison unit compares a group of temperature and humidity signals, and the comparison unit outputs The largest temperature and humidity signal is sent to the A/D conversion unit for analog-to-digital conversion, and the temperature and humidity signal converted into digital format will be input to the central processing unit, and then uploaded to the memory of the PLC programmable fuzzy processor through the RS485 communication module. At the same time, the central processor informs whether the temperature and humidity sensor is working normally through the LED display unit; when the temperature and humidity data processor fails or the value of the temperature and humidity signal is too high, the central processor sends a warning signal through the alarm unit.
(2).PLC可编程模糊处理器和机房监控主机通讯，读出每台空调主机的运行参数，传送到可编程控制器贮存器中；PLC可编程模糊处理器和文本操作面板通讯，读出文本操作面板输入的各参数值，传送到可编程控制器贮存器中；PLC可编程模糊处理器通过PLC通讯模块和各变频单元的变频器通讯，读取各变频器的参数值，传送到可编程控制器贮存器中；PLC读取风压传感器、电力监控模块的信息，将风压信号及电源参数信号存储于可编程控制器存储器中。(2). PLC programmable fuzzy processor communicates with the computer room monitoring host, reads out the operating parameters of each air conditioner host, and transmits them to the programmable controller storage; PLC programmable fuzzy processor communicates with the text operation panel, reads out The parameter values input by the text operation panel are transmitted to the memory of the programmable controller; the PLC programmable fuzzy processor communicates with the frequency converter of each frequency conversion unit through the PLC communication module, reads the parameter values of each frequency converter, and transmits them to the programmable controller. In the memory of the programmable controller; the PLC reads the information of the wind pressure sensor and the power monitoring module, and stores the wind pressure signal and the power parameter signal in the memory of the programmable controller.
(3).PLC可编程模糊处理器对可编程控制器贮存器中的数据进行程序模糊比较、推理、计算，最终确定此时空调***的最佳运行模式，即此时开启空调主机的台数，哪台开，空调***的风机开机台数、哪台开、每台风机开机频率(即风量)等。(3). The PLC programmable fuzzy processor performs program fuzzy comparison, reasoning, and calculation on the data in the programmable controller memory, and finally determines the best operating mode of the air conditioning system at this time, that is, the number of air-conditioning hosts that are turned on at this time, Which one is on, the number of fans in the air conditioning system, which one is on, the frequency of each fan (ie, air volume), etc.
(4).PLC将空调主机开机台数、开启哪台空调主机等数据上传至空调监控主机，由机房监控主机下传控制空调运行指令参数，从而达到控制此时开几台、开哪几台空调主机；PLC通过PLC数字量模块输出控制指令至变频单元的电源接触器、变频器以及输出接触器，控制风机的开启台数；PLC将风机开机频率信号通过PLC模拟量输出模块进行D/A转换，转换成4-20mA电流信号作为变频器的频率给定信号，控制变频器的输出频率，从而控制风机的风量。因为冷冻风机的转速和电机的给定频率成正比，风机的轴功率和风机的转速成立方关系，风机的风量和风机的转速成正比，通过无级调节风机的输入频率，不担可以根据机房末端无级的调节风机风量，还可以节省大量的风机电能。(4).PLC uploads data such as the number of air-conditioning hosts to be turned on and which air-conditioning host is turned on to the air-conditioning monitoring host, and the monitoring host in the computer room will download and control the air-conditioning operation command parameters, so as to control how many and which air-conditioners are turned on at this time Host; PLC outputs control commands to the power contactor, frequency converter and output contactor of the frequency conversion unit through the PLC digital module to control the number of fans to be turned on; PLC performs D/A conversion on the starting frequency signal of the fan through the PLC analog output module, Convert it into a 4-20mA current signal as the frequency given signal of the inverter to control the output frequency of the inverter, thereby controlling the air volume of the fan. Because the rotation speed of the refrigeration fan is proportional to the given frequency of the motor, the shaft power of the fan is in a cubic relationship with the rotation speed of the fan, and the air volume of the fan is proportional to the rotation speed of the fan. The air volume of the fan can be adjusted steplessly at the end, which can also save a lot of fan power.
此外，可编程控制器存储器中的各参数可有选择地通过文本操作面板实时显示，用户还可通过文本操作面板对可编程控制器存储器中的参数值进行修改、修正，实现手动控制空调的运行参数。In addition, each parameter in the programmable controller memory can be selectively displayed in real time through the text operation panel, and the user can also modify and correct the parameter values in the programmable controller memory through the text operation panel to realize manual control of the operation of the air conditioner parameter.
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| CN102734904A (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2012-10-17 | 日立空调·家用电器株式会社 | Air conditioner management system |
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| CN103162374B (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2016-03-30 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | control method and device of air conditioner system |
| CN104019526B (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2016-08-17 | 河海大学常州校区 | Improve PSO algorithm Fuzzy Adaptive PID temperature and humidity control system and method |
| CN106440269A (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2017-02-22 | 南京佰福沃电子技术有限公司 | Centralized control system and method for machine room air conditioner unit group |
| CN105241021B (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2018-07-31 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of room-level air-conditioning adjusting method, device and controller |
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