CN100391848C - A method for preparing zinc oxide nanorods - Google Patents

A method for preparing zinc oxide nanorods Download PDF

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CN100391848C
CN100391848C CNB2006100496799A CN200610049679A CN100391848C CN 100391848 C CN100391848 C CN 100391848C CN B2006100496799 A CNB2006100496799 A CN B2006100496799A CN 200610049679 A CN200610049679 A CN 200610049679A CN 100391848 C CN100391848 C CN 100391848C
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zinc oxide
nanorods
zinc
oxide nanorods
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CN1821081A (en
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杨德仁
张辉
马向阳
阙端麟
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种制备氧化锌纳米棒的方法,步骤如下:1)将硝酸锌溶解到去离子水中,然后加入六次甲基四胺和有机物分散剂混合均匀,2)将混合溶液加热到70~95℃,加入氧化锌种子溶液,反应1~10小时,离心干燥,得到氧化锌的纳米棒。本发明利用氧化锌种子辅助化学反应法可以解决直且细的氧化锌纳米棒较难制备的问题。通过改变有机物分散剂的种类和氧化锌种子的使用量可以有效控制氧化锌纳米棒的长度和直径。本发明方法工艺简单、产量大、成本低。The invention discloses a method for preparing zinc oxide nanorods. The steps are as follows: 1) dissolving zinc nitrate in deionized water, then adding hexamethylenetetramine and an organic dispersant to mix evenly, 2) heating the mixed solution to 70-95° C., adding zinc oxide seed solution, reacting for 1-10 hours, and centrifuging and drying to obtain zinc oxide nanorods. The invention can solve the problem that straight and thin zinc oxide nanorods are difficult to prepare by utilizing the zinc oxide seed-assisted chemical reaction method. The length and diameter of ZnO nanorods can be effectively controlled by changing the type of organic dispersant and the amount of ZnO seeds used. The method of the invention has the advantages of simple process, large output and low cost.

Description

一种制备氧化锌纳米棒的方法 A method for preparing zinc oxide nanorods

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及一种制备氧化锌纳米棒的方法。The invention relates to a method for preparing zinc oxide nanorods.

背景技术 Background technique

氧化锌由于具有较宽的禁带宽度以及大的激子束缚能,使其在发光特别是蓝光上具有广泛的应用前景,从而成为当今的研究热点。而纳米技术的发展使得纳米氧化锌拥有许多新的性质和应用领域,如纳米激光器、场发射和场效应晶体管等。目前通过气相或化学的方法已经制备了各种各样的氧化锌纳米结构。但是作为未来纳米器件的基本单元,氧化锌一维纳米材料的研究显得尤为重要。由于氧化锌在溶液中的形成温度只有60℃,因此化学法在制备纳米氧化锌中具有简单、成本低、大量等优点,成为最有潜力的方法。目前在化学法制备氧化锌纳米结构的过程中,由于氧化锌的枝状生长很难避免,使得很难生长直的氧化锌纳米棒。近来的研究发现在衬底上的氧化锌薄膜可以有效控制纳米氧化锌的一维生长。因此基于上述思想,本发明提出一条大量制备直且细的氧化锌纳米棒的方法,种子辅助化学反应法。Due to its wide band gap and large exciton binding energy, ZnO has broad application prospects in luminescence, especially blue light, and has become a research hotspot today. With the development of nanotechnology, nano-ZnO has many new properties and applications, such as nano-lasers, field emission and field-effect transistors. Various ZnO nanostructures have been prepared by gas phase or chemical methods. However, as the basic unit of future nano-devices, the research on ZnO one-dimensional nanomaterials is particularly important. Since the formation temperature of zinc oxide in solution is only 60°C, the chemical method has the advantages of simplicity, low cost, and large quantities in the preparation of nano-zinc oxide, and has become the most potential method. At present, in the process of preparing ZnO nanostructures by chemical methods, it is difficult to grow straight ZnO nanorods because the dendrite growth of ZnO is difficult to avoid. Recent studies have found that ZnO films on substrates can effectively control the one-dimensional growth of nano-ZnO. Therefore, based on the above ideas, the present invention proposes a method for preparing a large number of straight and thin zinc oxide nanorods, a seed-assisted chemical reaction method.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是提供一种大量制备直且细的氧化锌纳米棒的方法。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing straight and thin zinc oxide nanorods in large quantities.

本发明的制备氧化锌纳米棒的方法,步骤如下:The method for preparing zinc oxide nanorods of the present invention, the steps are as follows:

1)将硝酸锌溶解到去离子水中,然后加入六次甲基四胺和有机物分散剂混合均匀,硝酸锌与有机物分散剂的重量比为1∶1,六次甲基四胺和硝酸锌的摩尔比≥1,所说的有机物分散剂是聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇或聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮;1) Dissolve zinc nitrate in deionized water, then add hexamethylenetetramine and organic dispersant and mix evenly, the weight ratio of zinc nitrate to organic dispersant is 1:1, the amount of hexamethylenetetramine and zinc nitrate Molar ratio ≥ 1, said organic dispersant is polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol or polyvinylpyrrolidone;

2)将混合溶液加热到70~95℃,加入氧化锌种子溶液,反应1~10小时,离心干燥,得到氧化锌的纳米棒,氧化锌种子与硝酸锌的摩尔比为1∶40~400。2) heating the mixed solution to 70-95° C., adding zinc oxide seed solution, reacting for 1-10 hours, and centrifuging and drying to obtain zinc oxide nanorods. The molar ratio of zinc oxide seed to zinc nitrate is 1:40-400.

本发明中,所说的有机物分散剂可以是聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇或聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮。通过加入不同的有机物分散剂,可以使氧化锌纳米棒的长度在200~800nm范围变化。氧化锌种子可以采用杨培东等人在《德国应用化学》(Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2002,41,1188)文献报道的方法制备。通过改变氧化锌种子和锌源的摩尔比例,可以使氧化锌纳米棒的直径在20~200nm范围变化。In the present invention, said organic dispersant may be polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol or polyvinylpyrrolidone. By adding different organic dispersants, the length of the zinc oxide nanorods can be changed in the range of 200-800nm. Zinc oxide seeds can be prepared by the method reported by Yang Peidong et al. in "German Applied Chemistry" (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 1188). By changing the molar ratio of the zinc oxide seed and the zinc source, the diameter of the zinc oxide nanorod can be changed in the range of 20-200nm.

本发明的有益效果在于:The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1.利用氧化锌种子辅助化学反应法可以解决直且细的氧化锌纳米棒较难制备的问题;通过改变有机物分散剂的种类和氧化锌种子的使用量可以有效控制氧化锌纳米棒的长度和直径。1. The use of ZnO seed-assisted chemical reaction method can solve the problem that straight and thin ZnO nanorods are difficult to prepare; by changing the type of organic dispersant and the amount of ZnO seeds used, the length and diameter.

2.本发明方法工艺简单、产量大、成本低。2. The method of the present invention has the advantages of simple process, large output and low cost.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1是本发明制得的氧化锌纳米棒的透射电镜照片。Fig. 1 is the transmission electron micrograph of the zinc oxide nanorod that the present invention makes.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

以下结合实施例进一步说明本发明。Below in conjunction with embodiment further illustrate the present invention.

实施例1:Example 1:

1)氧化锌种子的制备:将270mg的醋酸锌溶解到60ml的甲醇中,搅拌5分钟后,将溶液加热到60℃,接着将65ml含有210mg氢氧化钾的甲醇溶液,缓慢滴加到上述溶液中,并且反应3小时得到氧化锌的种子溶液。1) Preparation of zinc oxide seeds: Dissolve 270mg of zinc acetate in 60ml of methanol, stir for 5 minutes, heat the solution to 60°C, then slowly add 65ml of methanol solution containing 210mg of potassium hydroxide to the above solution , and reacted for 3 hours to obtain a zinc oxide seed solution.

2)氧化锌纳米棒的制备:将2.7g硝酸锌溶解到400ml的去离子水中,搅拌5分钟后,加入2.7g聚乙烯醇,1.26g的六次甲基四胺,混合均匀后,将溶液加热到95℃,然后在上述溶液中加入30ml氧化锌的种子溶液,反应3h,取出样品,离心干燥得到氧化锌的纳米棒。图1是氧化锌纳米棒的透射电镜照片,从图中可以看出氧化锌纳米棒的直径大约为20nm,而长度大约为800nm。2) Preparation of zinc oxide nanorods: Dissolve 2.7g of zinc nitrate in 400ml of deionized water, stir for 5 minutes, add 2.7g of polyvinyl alcohol, 1.26g of hexamethylenetetramine, mix well, and dissolve the solution Heating to 95° C., then adding 30 ml of zinc oxide seed solution to the above solution, reacting for 3 hours, taking out the sample, and centrifuging and drying to obtain zinc oxide nanorods. Figure 1 is a transmission electron micrograph of zinc oxide nanorods, from which it can be seen that the diameter of zinc oxide nanorods is about 20nm, and the length is about 800nm.

实施例2:Example 2:

1)氧化锌种子的制备:将270mg的醋酸锌溶解到60ml的甲醇中,搅拌5分钟后,将溶液加热到60℃,接着将65ml含有210mg氢氧化钾的甲醇溶液,缓慢滴加到上述溶液中,并且反应3小时得到氧化锌的种子溶液。1) Preparation of zinc oxide seeds: Dissolve 270mg of zinc acetate in 60ml of methanol, stir for 5 minutes, heat the solution to 60°C, then slowly add 65ml of methanol solution containing 210mg of potassium hydroxide to the above solution , and reacted for 3 hours to obtain a zinc oxide seed solution.

2)氧化锌纳米棒的制备:将2.7g硝酸锌溶解到400ml的去离子水中,搅拌5分钟后,加入2.7g聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮,1.26g的六次甲基四胺,混合均匀后,将溶液加热到70℃,然后在上述溶液中加入30ml氧化锌的种子溶液,反应3h,取出样品,离心干燥得到氧化锌的纳米棒。其直径大约为20nm,长度大约是400nm。2) Preparation of zinc oxide nanorods: Dissolve 2.7g of zinc nitrate in 400ml of deionized water, stir for 5 minutes, add 2.7g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 1.26g of hexamethylenetetramine, mix well, and The solution was heated to 70° C., and then 30 ml of zinc oxide seed solution was added to the above solution, reacted for 3 hours, the sample was taken out, and centrifugally dried to obtain zinc oxide nanorods. Its diameter is about 20nm and its length is about 400nm.

实施例3:Example 3:

1)氧化锌种子的制备:将27mg的醋酸锌溶解到60ml的甲醇中,搅拌5分钟后,将溶液加热到60℃,接着将65ml含有21mg氢氧化钾的甲醇溶液,缓慢滴加到上述溶液中,并且反应3小时得到氧化锌的种子溶液。1) Preparation of zinc oxide seeds: Dissolve 27mg of zinc acetate in 60ml of methanol, stir for 5 minutes, heat the solution to 60°C, then slowly add 65ml of methanol solution containing 21mg of potassium hydroxide to the above solution , and reacted for 3 hours to obtain a zinc oxide seed solution.

2)氧化锌纳米棒的制备:将2.7g硝酸锌溶解到400ml的去离子水中,搅拌5分钟后,加入2.7g聚乙二醇,1.26g的六次甲基四胺,混合均匀后,将溶液加热到95℃,然后在上述溶液中加入30ml氧化锌的种子溶液,反应3h,最后取出样品,离心干燥得到氧化锌的纳米棒。其直径大约有200nm,长度大约是600nm。2) Preparation of zinc oxide nanorods: Dissolve 2.7g of zinc nitrate in 400ml of deionized water, stir for 5 minutes, add 2.7g of polyethylene glycol, 1.26g of hexamethylenetetramine, mix well, and The solution was heated to 95° C., and then 30 ml of zinc oxide seed solution was added to the above solution, and reacted for 3 hours. Finally, the sample was taken out and dried by centrifugation to obtain zinc oxide nanorods. Its diameter is about 200nm and its length is about 600nm.

Claims (1)

1. method for preparing zinc oxide nano rod, step is as follows:
1) zinc nitrate is dissolved in the deionized water, add hexamethylenetetramine then and the organism dispersant is even, the weight ratio of zinc nitrate and organism dispersion agent is 1: 1, the mol ratio of hexamethylenetetramine and zinc nitrate 〉=1, said organism dispersion agent is polyvinyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene glycol or Polyvinylpyrolidone (PVP);
2) mixing solutions is heated to 70~95 ℃, adds zinc oxide seed solution, reacted 1~10 hour, centrifugal drying obtains the nanometer rod of zinc oxide, and the mol ratio of zinc oxide seed and zinc nitrate is 1: 40~400.
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CN101357320B (en) * 2008-09-18 2010-06-09 福州大学 One-dimensional nano-array zinc oxide solid-phase microextraction coating and preparation method thereof
CN103043706B (en) * 2012-12-04 2014-09-10 华南师范大学 Preparation method of zinc oxide nanorod with strong blue-violet light after being excited
CN103303965B (en) * 2013-05-14 2015-04-01 上海交通大学 Method for preparing multi-point top type zinc oxide nanorod structure
CN106119961B (en) * 2016-06-15 2018-07-06 河南师范大学 A kind of preparation method of the controllable single-crystal zinc-oxide nano stick of size
CN106564929A (en) * 2016-10-21 2017-04-19 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 Preparation method for Ag doped ZnO nanometer gas sensitive material
CN106475104A (en) * 2016-11-20 2017-03-08 吉林师范大学 A kind of recyclable Corallium Japonicum Kishinouye type photocatalyst and preparation method thereof
CN107815851A (en) * 2017-11-11 2018-03-20 钱景 Biology sensor based on zinc oxide nano rod function bafta

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