CH700024B1 - Collet and hairspring integrated flat element for mechanical timepiece movement, has springs supported against axle and bent during introduction of axle in bore of collet, where collet, springs and hairspring are formed as single piece - Google Patents

Collet and hairspring integrated flat element for mechanical timepiece movement, has springs supported against axle and bent during introduction of axle in bore of collet, where collet, springs and hairspring are formed as single piece Download PDF

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Publication number
CH700024B1
CH700024B1 CH812006A CH812006A CH700024B1 CH 700024 B1 CH700024 B1 CH 700024B1 CH 812006 A CH812006 A CH 812006A CH 812006 A CH812006 A CH 812006A CH 700024 B1 CH700024 B1 CH 700024B1
Authority
CH
Switzerland
Prior art keywords
collet
springs
hairspring
axle
bore
Prior art date
Application number
CH812006A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Alain Laesser
Original Assignee
Alain Laesser
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alain Laesser filed Critical Alain Laesser
Priority to CH812006A priority Critical patent/CH700024B1/en
Publication of CH700024B1 publication Critical patent/CH700024B1/en

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • G04B17/066Manufacture of the spiral spring
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/20Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/22Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency for the effect of variations of temperature
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/32Component parts or constructional details, e.g. collet, stud, virole or piton
    • G04B17/34Component parts or constructional details, e.g. collet, stud, virole or piton for fastening the hairspring onto the balance
    • G04B17/345Details of the spiral roll

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)

Abstract

The element has a collet (1) comprising springs (3) projected in a bore (4) that is formed in a central part of the collet, where the element is made of silicon and is cut by etching. The silicon is doped with sodium, boron or zirconium. The springs are supported against an axle of a balance, and are bent during introduction of the axle in the bore of the collet. The collet, the springs and a hairspring are formed as a single piece.

Description

       

  [0001]    La présente invention appartient au domaine des ressorts spiraux pour mouvements d'horlogerie mécaniques.

  

[0002]    Selon les techniques connues, les ressorts spiraux pour mouvements d'horlogerie mécaniques sont fabriqués par étirage et pliés. Ces ressorts en forme de spirale d'Archimède présentent notamment l'inconvénient de voir leur centre de gravité se déplacer constamment pendant l'oscillation. Il est possible de compenser dans une assez large mesure ce déplacement du centre de gravité, qui nuit à l'isochronisme, en donnant une épaisseur différente à certains endroits des spires du ressort. De tels ressorts à épaisseur variable ne peuvent toutefois pas être obtenus au moyen de la technique classique. Il est possible de produire de tels ressorts à épaisseur différenciée, par exemple, par électroformage ou moulage pour ce qui est des spiraux métalliques et usinage chimique pour des spiraux en silicium.

  

[0003]    Cependant, récemment, le Musée international de l'horlogerie a mis à la disposition du public des essais relatifs à un spiral plat en silicium. Ces essais ont fait l'objet d'un article dans la Revue Montres Passion (novembre 2003, p. 72-73). L'article montre un spiral plat au silicium, à épaisseur variable selon les spires, avec une virole venue d'une pièce avec le spiral. Ce spiral a été découpé dans une plaque de silicium.

  

[0004]    Les avantages des ressorts au silicium, qu'il s'agisse de verre, de cristal de quartz ou de silicium pur, sont connus: amagnétisme, légèreté, élasticité supérieure à celle de l'acier et possibilité de découpage extrêmement précis.

  

[0005]    Le ressort spiral en silicium dont le dessin a été publié par le Musée International de l'Horlogerie (Montres Passion, eod. loc.) présente une virole de forme classique, c'est-à-dire constituée d'un cylindre simplement fendu. Or, cette configuration présente l'inconvénient de ne pas assurer un centrage parfait du ressort sur l'axe. En outre, pour ce qui est des ressorts en silicium, la fragilité du matériau rend problématique la fixation sur l'axe par chassage, en raison des risques de rupture.

  

[0006]    D'autre part, l'inconvénient des ressorts composés essentiellement de silicium, ou en silicium pur ou dopé, réside dans le coefficient thermique: à ce jour, tous les essais montrent que les ressorts composés en majeure partie de silicium ou en silicium voient la période du balancier auquel ils sont associés varier assez fortement avec la température.

  

[0007]    La présente invention vise à fournir un spiral pour mouvement d'horlogerie venu d'une pièce avec la virole, cette dernière étant configurée de manière à permettre un centrage amélioré sur l'axe du balancier. Elle s'applique plus particulièrement à des spiraux en silicium dopé de façon à compenser les effets des variations de température sur la période.

  

[0008]    L'invention est définie dans les revendications.

  

[0009]    Le dessin représente, à titre d'exemple, une forme d'exécution de l'invention.

  

[0010]    Il s'agit d'une vue de dessus de la partie centrale d'un spiral, qui montre quelques spires centrales et la virole.

  

[0011]    La virole 1 présente dans sa paroi intérieure cinq échancrures 2 qui laissent subsister cinq excroissances allongées et en arc de cercle qui forment autant de ressorts 3 qui s'étendent dans son alésage 4. La courbe de ces ressorts 3 n'est donc pas parallèle au cercle qui délimite l'alésage 4, mais dévie vers l'intérieur de cet alésage.

  

[0012]    Dans une forme préférée d'exécution de l'invention, le ressort spiral est en silicium et est découpé par attaque chimique, selon une technique connue. Il est aussi possible d'utiliser la gravure par plasma directif (ICP).

  

[0013]    Afin de compenser l'effet des variations de température, et dans une forme préférée de l'invention, le silicium composant les spiraux est dopé au sodium. Il est également possible de le doper avec d'autres corps simples ou métaux tels que le bore ou le zirconium. Ces substances peuvent, selon les nécessités, être utilisées séparément ou en combinaison, dans des proportions que des essais permettront de déterminer.

  

[0014]    Lorsque l'axe est introduit dans l'alésage 4 de la virole, les ressorts s'écartent et exercent une pression sur l'axe. La pression de chaque ressort 3 étant égale à celle exercée par chacun des autres ressorts, la virole est parfaitement centrée. N'étant pas chassée, la virole n'est pas exposée à se fissurer ou à se casser. La pression des ressorts ne suffit pas à assurer le maintien de la virole en place sur l'axe dans le sens axial et dans le sens de rotation. Le blocage de la virole pourra être assuré par collage ou par une rondelle d'acier chassée.

  

[0015]    Les avantages du spiral selon l'invention sont une mise en oeuvre simplifiée, la suppression de l'opération de virolage, le positionnement parfait du spiral qu'il s'agisse du centrage ou du plat, la suppression des retouches, la possibilité de réaliser des viroles très petites et équilibrées et la suppression de l'ajustement précis du diamètre de l'axe.

  

[0016]    La forme et le nombre des ressorts ne sont évidemment pas limités à ceux qui sont mentionnés ici et représentés dans les dessins.

  

[0017]    L'invention est applicable avant tout aux spiraux plats.



  The present invention belongs to the field of spiral springs for mechanical clockwork movements.

  

According to known techniques, the spiral springs for mechanical watch movements are made by stretching and folded. These Archimedes spiral-shaped springs have the disadvantage of having their center of gravity constantly move during the oscillation. It is possible to compensate to a large extent for this displacement of the center of gravity, which impairs the isochronism, giving a different thickness in some places of the turns of the spring. Such springs of variable thickness, however, can not be obtained using the conventional technique. It is possible to produce such differentially thickened springs, for example, by electroforming or molding for metal spirals and chemical machining for silicon spirals.

  

However, recently, the International Museum of Watchmaking has made available to the public tests relating to a flat spiral silicon. These essays were the subject of an article in the Montres Passion Review (November 2003, pp. 72-73). The article shows a flat spiral silicon, with variable thickness according to the turns, with a ferrule coming from a piece with the spiral. This spiral was cut in a silicon wafer.

  

The advantages of silicon springs, whether it is glass, quartz crystal or pure silicon, are known: non-magnetism, lightness, elasticity superior to that of steel and extremely precise cutting possibility.

  

The spiral spring silicon whose design has been published by the International Museum of Watchmaking (Watches Passion, eod.loc.) Has a ferrule of conventional shape, that is to say consisting of a cylinder simply split. However, this configuration has the disadvantage of not ensuring perfect centering of the spring on the axis. In addition, with regard to the silicon springs, the fragility of the material makes it difficult to fix on the axis by driving, because of the risk of rupture.

  

On the other hand, the disadvantage of springs composed essentially of silicon, or pure or doped silicon resides in the thermal coefficient: to date, all the tests show that the springs mainly composed of silicon or silicon. silicon see the pendulum period to which they are associated vary quite strongly with temperature.

  

The present invention aims to provide a hairspring for clockwork come from a piece with the ferrule, the latter being configured to allow an improved centering on the axis of the pendulum. It applies more particularly to doped silicon spirals so as to compensate for the effects of temperature variations over the period.

  

The invention is defined in the claims.

  

The drawing represents, by way of example, an embodiment of the invention.

  

This is a top view of the central part of a spiral, which shows some central turns and the ferrule.

  

The ferrule 1 has in its inner wall five indentations 2 which leave five elongated protrusions and arcuate which form as many springs 3 which extend into its bore 4. The curve of these springs 3 is not not parallel to the circle which delimits the bore 4, but deviates towards the inside of this bore.

  

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the spiral spring is silicon and is etched by etching, according to a known technique. It is also possible to use directional plasma etching (ICP).

  

In order to compensate for the effect of temperature variations, and in a preferred form of the invention, the silicon component of the spirals is doped with sodium. It is also possible to dope it with other simple bodies or metals such as boron or zirconium. These substances may, if necessary, be used separately or in combination, in proportions that tests will determine.

  

When the axis is introduced into the bore 4 of the ferrule, the springs deviate and exert a pressure on the axis. The pressure of each spring 3 being equal to that exerted by each of the other springs, the ferrule is perfectly centered. Not being driven out, the ferrule is not exposed to cracking or breaking. The pressure of the springs is not sufficient to ensure the maintenance of the ferrule in place on the axis in the axial direction and in the direction of rotation. The blocking of the ferrule may be provided by gluing or by a discarded steel washer.

  

The advantages of the hairspring according to the invention are a simplified implementation, the removal of the flotation operation, the perfect positioning of the hairspring whether it is the centering or the flat, the removal of retouches, the possibility of making very small and balanced shells and the suppression of the precise adjustment of the diameter of the axis.

  

The shape and number of springs are obviously not limited to those mentioned here and shown in the drawings.

  

The invention is applicable above all to flat spirals.


    

Claims (8)

1. Elément formé d'un spiral et d'une virole pour mouvement d'horlogerie ledit spiral étant venu d'une pièce avec la virole, la virole présentant en son centre un alésage apte à recevoir l'axe d'un balancier, apte à osciller autour de cet axe caractérisé en ce que la virole est pourvue de ressorts qui font saillie dans ledit alésage et sont aptes à s'appuyer contre l'axe du balancier et à fléchir lors de l'introduction de ce dernier dans ledit alésage de la virole, lesdits ressorts étant venus d'une pièce avec la virole et le spiral. 1. Element formed of a spiral and a ferrule for a clockwork movement said spiral having come in one piece with the ferrule, the ferrule having in its center a bore adapted to receive the axis of a pendulum, suitable to oscillate around this axis, characterized in that the ferrule is provided with springs which project into said bore and are able to bear against the axis of the balance and to flex when the latter is introduced into said bore of the ferrule, said springs having come from one piece with the ferrule and the spiral. 2. Elément formé d'un spiral et d'une virole selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est composé à plus de 50% de silicium. 2. Element formed of a spiral and a ferrule according to claim 1, characterized in that it is composed of more than 50% silicon. 3. Elément formé d'un spiral et d'une virole selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il est en silicium. 3. Element formed of a spiral and a ferrule according to claim 2, characterized in that it is silicon. 4. Elément formé d'un spiral et d'une virole selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il est découpé par attaque chimique. 4. Element formed of a spiral and a ferrule according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is cut by etching. 5. Elément formé d'un spiral et d'une virole selon l'une des revendications 2 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que le silicium est dopé au sodium. 5. Element formed of a spiral and a ferrule according to one of claims 2 or 4, characterized in that the silicon is doped with sodium. 6. Elément formé d'un spiral et d'une virole selon l'une des revendications 2, 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que le silicium est dopé au bore. 6. Element formed of a spiral and a ferrule according to one of claims 2, 4 or 5, characterized in that the silicon is doped with boron. 7. Elément formé d'un spiral et d'une virole selon l'une des revendications 2, 4, 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que le silicium est dopé au zirconium. 7. Element formed of a spiral and a ferrule according to one of claims 2, 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that the silicon is doped with zirconium. 8. Elément formé d'un spiral et d'une virole selon l'une des revendications l à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il est plat. 8. Element formed of a spiral and a ferrule according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it is flat.
CH812006A 2006-01-19 2006-01-19 Collet and hairspring integrated flat element for mechanical timepiece movement, has springs supported against axle and bent during introduction of axle in bore of collet, where collet, springs and hairspring are formed as single piece CH700024B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH812006A CH700024B1 (en) 2006-01-19 2006-01-19 Collet and hairspring integrated flat element for mechanical timepiece movement, has springs supported against axle and bent during introduction of axle in bore of collet, where collet, springs and hairspring are formed as single piece

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH812006A CH700024B1 (en) 2006-01-19 2006-01-19 Collet and hairspring integrated flat element for mechanical timepiece movement, has springs supported against axle and bent during introduction of axle in bore of collet, where collet, springs and hairspring are formed as single piece

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CH700024B1 true CH700024B1 (en) 2010-06-15

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014146833A3 (en) * 2013-03-19 2014-11-13 Nivarox-Far S.A. Resonator with reduced sensitivity to climatic variations
CN104914705A (en) * 2014-03-14 2015-09-16 盛冈精工工业株式会社 Internal pile, hairspring balance, movement and clock, and hairspring balance manufacture method
EP3786720A1 (en) 2019-08-27 2021-03-03 Rolex Sa Clock component for receiving an organ by insertion

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014146833A3 (en) * 2013-03-19 2014-11-13 Nivarox-Far S.A. Resonator with reduced sensitivity to climatic variations
CN105051622A (en) * 2013-03-19 2015-11-11 尼瓦洛克斯-法尔股份有限公司 Resonator with reduced sensitivity to climatic variations
US10001750B2 (en) 2013-03-19 2018-06-19 Nivarox-Far S.A. Resonator with reduced sensitivity to climatic variations
CN105051622B (en) * 2013-03-19 2018-07-13 尼瓦洛克斯-法尔股份有限公司 The resonator that the susceptibility of climate change is reduced
CN104914705A (en) * 2014-03-14 2015-09-16 盛冈精工工业株式会社 Internal pile, hairspring balance, movement and clock, and hairspring balance manufacture method
CN104914705B (en) * 2014-03-14 2019-05-03 盛冈精工工业株式会社 Interior stake, hair-spring balance, machine core and clock and watch and hair-spring balance manufacturing method
EP3786720A1 (en) 2019-08-27 2021-03-03 Rolex Sa Clock component for receiving an organ by insertion
US11853007B2 (en) 2019-08-27 2023-12-26 Rolex Sa Horological component intended to receive a member driven in it

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