CA2444390A1 - Charge barrier flow-through capacitor - Google Patents

Charge barrier flow-through capacitor Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2444390A1
CA2444390A1 CA002444390A CA2444390A CA2444390A1 CA 2444390 A1 CA2444390 A1 CA 2444390A1 CA 002444390 A CA002444390 A CA 002444390A CA 2444390 A CA2444390 A CA 2444390A CA 2444390 A1 CA2444390 A1 CA 2444390A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
flow
ions
capacitor
charge barrier
capacitors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002444390A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2444390C (en
Inventor
Marc D. Andelman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voltea Ltd
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of CA2444390A1 publication Critical patent/CA2444390A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2444390C publication Critical patent/CA2444390C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
    • C02F1/4691—Capacitive deionisation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
    • B01D61/422—Electrodialysis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
    • B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
    • B01D61/52—Accessories; Auxiliary operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/58—Multistep processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
    • B01D61/147—Microfiltration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46109—Electrodes
    • C02F2001/46133—Electrodes characterised by the material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46109—Electrodes
    • C02F2001/46152—Electrodes characterised by the shape or form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46109—Electrodes
    • C02F2001/46152—Electrodes characterised by the shape or form
    • C02F2001/46157—Perforated or foraminous electrodes
    • C02F2001/46161—Porous electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
    • C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
    • C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
    • C02F2201/4612—Controlling or monitoring
    • C02F2201/46125—Electrical variables
    • C02F2201/4613—Inversing polarity
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Flow-through capacitors (15) are provided with one or more charge barrier layers (3). Ions trapped in the pore volume of flow-through capacitors (15) cause inefficiencies as these ions are expelled during the charge cycle into the purification path. A charge barrier layer (3) holds these pore volume ions to one side of a desired flow stream, thereby increasing the efficiency with which the flow-through capacitor (15) purifies or concentrates ions.
CA002444390A 2001-04-18 2001-04-18 Charge barrier flow-through capacitor Expired - Lifetime CA2444390C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2001/012641 WO2002086195A1 (en) 2001-04-18 2001-04-18 Charge barrier flow-through capacitor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2444390A1 true CA2444390A1 (en) 2002-10-31
CA2444390C CA2444390C (en) 2007-07-03

Family

ID=21742514

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA002444390A Expired - Lifetime CA2444390C (en) 2001-04-18 2001-04-18 Charge barrier flow-through capacitor

Country Status (4)

Country Link
CN (2) CN100518910C (en)
CA (1) CA2444390C (en)
IL (2) IL158319A0 (en)
WO (1) WO2002086195A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2001296470A1 (en) 2000-10-02 2002-04-15 Marc D. Andelman Fringe-field capacitor electrode for electrochemical device
US6709560B2 (en) 2001-04-18 2004-03-23 Biosource, Inc. Charge barrier flow-through capacitor
CN101107200A (en) 2005-01-27 2008-01-16 荷兰联合利华有限公司 Water softening device and method
WO2008082696A2 (en) * 2006-07-17 2008-07-10 Vecenergy Aegir, Llc Microscale capacitive deionization apparatus
US20080057398A1 (en) * 2006-09-06 2008-03-06 General Electric Company Non-faraday based systems, devices and methods for removing ionic species from liquid
US7813106B2 (en) 2006-12-19 2010-10-12 General Electric Company High current efficiency supercapacitor desalination devices and methods of making the same
AU2008323015B2 (en) 2007-11-13 2012-09-27 Voltea Limited Water purification device
US8470152B2 (en) 2008-09-15 2013-06-25 Voltea B.V. Method of operating a capacitive deionization cell using gentle charge
WO2010030383A1 (en) 2008-09-15 2010-03-18 Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc. Method of regenerating a capacitive deionization cell
KR101688530B1 (en) 2009-12-21 2016-12-21 삼성전자주식회사 Capacitive deionization device
CN102906028B (en) * 2010-05-17 2014-11-12 沃尔泰亚公司 Apparatus for removal of ions, and a method for removal of ions
US8658241B2 (en) * 2010-12-30 2014-02-25 General Electric Company Simultaneous polymerization of two vinyl monomer mixtures to opposite faces of a flat porous substrate
CN105164319A (en) * 2013-03-14 2015-12-16 维思沃特私人投资有限公司 Polarized electrodialysis
CN103253745B (en) * 2013-04-28 2014-09-03 南京工业大学 High-voltage capacitor adsorption desalting device and technology
NL2012138C2 (en) * 2014-01-24 2015-07-29 Voltea Bv Apparatus for removal of ions from water and method of producing the same.
EP3277637B1 (en) 2015-04-03 2020-10-21 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Electrosorption purification system with battery driven regeneration
CN205550627U (en) * 2015-09-20 2016-09-07 大连双迪创新科技研究院有限公司 Shower
CN106006868B (en) * 2016-06-27 2018-12-25 南京师范大学 Four electrode capacitance desalters
US11377375B2 (en) 2016-08-05 2022-07-05 Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction Co., Ltd Capacitive deionization electrode module and water treatment apparatus and method capable of saving energy using the same
DE102018115289A1 (en) * 2018-06-26 2019-05-23 Eisenmann Se Dip painting system and method for operating such
CN110398672B (en) * 2019-07-31 2021-08-03 国网陕西省电力公司电力科学研究院 Sample structure and method for measuring ionization and charge transfer parameters of insulating material
CN110783103B (en) * 2019-10-30 2021-07-09 内蒙古大学 Dielectric film and method for producing the same

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5620597A (en) * 1990-04-23 1997-04-15 Andelman; Marc D. Non-fouling flow-through capacitor
US5192432A (en) * 1990-04-23 1993-03-09 Andelman Marc D Flow-through capacitor
US5415768A (en) * 1990-04-23 1995-05-16 Andelman; Marc D. Flow-through capacitor
GB2273874A (en) * 1992-12-31 1994-07-06 Pertti Olavi Toermaelae Preparation of pharmaceuticals in a polymer matrix
JP3222083B2 (en) * 1997-03-21 2001-10-22 沖電気工業株式会社 Shared memory controller

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN100518910C (en) 2009-07-29
WO2002086195A1 (en) 2002-10-31
CN100489160C (en) 2009-05-20
CN1505700A (en) 2004-06-16
CA2444390C (en) 2007-07-03
CN1788831A (en) 2006-06-21
IL158319A0 (en) 2004-05-12
IL158319A (en) 2007-03-08

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Effective date: 20210419